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Unit 6 Vocab

AP Biology Unit 6 Vocab- Argueta

TermDefinition
DNA replication process where DNA molecule is copied
replication fork y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where the parental strands are being unwound and new strands are being synthesized
semiconservative in regards to DNA replication- type of DNA replication in which the replicated double helix consists of one old strand, derided from the parental molecule
alternative splicing type of eukaryotic gene regulation at the NRA-processing level in which different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript
exon a sequence within a primary transcript that remains in the RNA after RNA processing
intron non coding, intervening sequence within a primary transcript that is removed
splicing joining or inserting a gene or gene fragmen
template strand DNA strand that provides the pattern, for ordering complementary base pairing
transcription synthesis of RNA using a DNA template
codon a three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal
retrovirus an RNA virus that replicates by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting the DNA into cellular chromosome
translation synthesis of polypeptide using genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule
virus infectious particle incapable of replication outside of the cell
cell differentiation process where cell changes from one cell to another type of cell
cell specialization process where a cell changes into another specific cel
epigenetics study of changes in gene expression
gene expression process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins
histone a small protein with high protein of positively charged amino acids that binds to negatively charged DNA
operon unit of genetic function found in bacteria and phages consisting of a promoter
promoter specific nucleotide sequence in the DNA of a gene that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place
trcription factor regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects transcription of specific genes
conjugation the direct transfer of DNA between two cells that are temporarily joined
host cell cell where a parasite organism lives
sterility able to be sterile
transduction process where phages carry bacterial DNA from one bacterial cell to another
transformation conversion of normal animal cell to a cancerous cell
transposition antibiotic resistance and transmission of virulence in certain bacteria
triploidy rare chromosome abnormality where a baby is born with an extra set of chromosome
DNA sequencing the sequence of nucleotides
electrophoresis movement of charged particles in a fluid or gel
genetic engineering where ENA technology is used to change the genetic makeup of an organism
PCR technique for amplifying DNA in vitro by incubating it with specific primers
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
Created by: vargueta
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