Help
Options
Term
Physical effects of pollutants
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Term
conventional or criteria pollutants (6)
Remaining cards (35)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
mod8 air pollution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Physical effects of pollutants | irritate our eyes and lungs, enter our blood stream when we breathe them, then damage nerves and brain function. |
| conventional or criteria pollutants (6) | sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone (and its precursor volatile organic compounds), lead, and particulate matter. |
| dominant sources of most criteria pollutants (2) | Transportation and power plants |
| ambient air | the air around us |
| The Clean Air Act (1970) purpose | designated new air quality standards, to be applied equally across the country, for six major pollutants. |
| Anthropogenic | (chiefly of environmental pollution and pollutants) originating in human activity. |
| unconventional pollutants (def) | compounds that are produced in less volume than conventional pollutants, but that are especially toxic or hazardous. |
| unconventional pollutants (6) | asbestos, benzene, beryllium, mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and vinyl chloride. |
| point source | smokestack or some other concentrated pollution origin |
| Primary pollutants | are released in aa harmful form |
| Secondary pollutants | hazardous after reactions in the air. |
| Fugitive or nonpoint-source | emissions are those that do not go through a smokestack. |
| Ozone (O3) | ground level ozone is highly reactive oxidizing agent that damages eyes, lungs, and plant tissues, as well as paint, rubber, and plastics. It is a secondary pollutant, created by chemical reactions that are initiated by solar energy |
| Particulate material | dust, ash, soot, lint, smoke, pollen, spores, algal cells, and many other suspended materials like aerosols. |
| hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), | category of toxins is monitored by the U.S. EPA because they are particularly dangerous. these chemicals cause cancer, nerve damage, disrupt hormone function, and fetal development. |
| how Air pollutants can travel | Dust and fine aerosols can be carried great distances by the wind |
| Greenhouse Gases | Carbon Dioxide and Halogens methane, nitrous, oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride. |
| ozone hole | Chemical reactions of atmospheric gases and pollution produce the phenomenon |
| principal agents of ozone depletion. | Chlorine-based aerosols, such as CFC’s and HCFC’s |
| Montreal Protocol, | In 1987 an international meeting in Montreal, Canada, produced , the first of several major international agreements on phasing out most uses of CFCs by 2000. |
| Health Effects of Air Pollution | Consequences of breathing dirty air include: increased probability of heart attacks, respiratory diseases, and lung cancer. |
| Acid Deposition | Results From SO4 and NOx Deposition of acidic droplets or particles, from rain, fog, snow, or aerosols in the atmosphere, |
| temperature inversions | reverses the normal conditions. occur where ground-level air cools more quickly than upper air. With cold air resting below the warmer air, there is little mixing, and pollutants are trapped near the ground. |
| albedo | the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface, typically that of a planet or moon.concrete and brick surfaces in cities absorb large amounts of solar energy |
| urban heat island. | temperatures in cities are frequently warmer than in thesurrounding countryside |
| dust dome. | Tall buildings create convective updrafts that sweep pollutants into the air. Stable air masses created by this heat island over the city concentrate pollutants |
| ozone hole | Chemical reactions of atmospheric gases and pollution produce the phenomenon |
| Stratospheric ozone | naturally-occurring gas that filters sun's (UV) radiation. This is typically regarded as 'good' ozone since it reduces the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation. A diminished ozone layer allows more radiation to reach the Earth's surface. |
| stratospheric ozone is being destroyed by | primarily chlorine-based aerosols, including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) (p. 239). |
| ratio of direct costs and benefits of the clean air act | is 1:25 as of 2010. |
| the clean air act saved costs | The mainly saved costs are from reduced illness and property damage with an increase in productivity |
| organic compounds have decreased the least | Nitrogen dioxides, particulate matter, ozone, and volatile |
| conventional pollutants that have decreased the most | are lead (98%), SO2 (35%), and C0 (32%) |
| ambient ozone | is a pollutant that is closer to the Earth’s surface. |
| indoor air pollutants that are hazardous to health | are chloroform, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde, syrene, biohazards (i.e. mold, pathogens), and cigarette smoke |
| additional hazardous air toxins added to the list regulated by the Clean Air Act | are asbestos, benzene, mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and vinyl chloride |
Created by:
3932297510192162