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Plant Systems
Plant Structure and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | Converting light energy into the chemical energy of glucose; reactants are carbon dioxide and water; products are glucose and oxygen |
| Vascular Tissue | transports water, nutrients, enzymes, and hormones through the plants using xylem and phloem tissue |
| Phloem | internal transport system through the shoot system by vascular tissue and stomata in the leaf tissue which moves nutrients down |
| Xylem | internal transport system in a plant which absorbs water and dissolved minerals through the root system which moves up the plant |
| Phototropism | the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ); mechanisms by which plants adapt to environmental changes |
| Gravitropism | the growth of the parts of plants with respect to the force of gravity. The upward growth of plant shoots is an instance of negative geotropism ; the downward growth of roots is positive geotropism. |
| Heliotropism | the directional growth of a plant in response to sunlight; mechanisms by which plants adapt to environmental changes |
| Thigmotropism | the turning or bending of a plant or other organism in response to a touch stimulus.; mechanisms by which plants adapt to environmental changes |
| Hydrotropism | the growth or turning of plant roots toward or away from moisture; mechanisms by which plants adapt to environmental changes |
| Guard Cells | plant cells which open and close the stomata found on a leaf or stem to control gas exchange between the plant and the environment |
| Pistil / Carpel | female part of the flower made up of the stigma, style, and ovary |
| Stigma | top part of the female flower which is sticky to accept the pollen |
| Style | middle part of the female flower which supports the stigma |
| Ovary | bottom part of the female flower which contains the ovules containing the female DNA |
| Stamen | Male part of the flower |
| Anther | part of the male flower which produces pollen |
| Filament | part of the male flower which supports the anther |
| Roots | part of a vascular plant; organ system normally underground |
| Shoots | part of vascular plant: organ system that gives rise to stems, leaves, and flowers and responsible for food production (photosynthesis) and reproduction |
| Cuticle | waxy layer of a plant to protect from temperature extremes and dehydration |
| Flowers | Organ of a plant to produce seeds |
| Leaves | Organ of a plant to produce nutrition |
| Stems | Organ of the plant to support leaves and flowers and to transport water and nutrients |
| Roots | Organ of a plant used to absorb water and dissolved minerals |
| Pollen | Released by the anther; contains the male DNA or sperm for the plant along with proteins, amino acids, lipids and sugars |
| Meristematic Tissue | plant tissue that has the ability to divide actively throughout its life ; classified by their location in the plant as apical (located at root and shoot tips), lateral (in the vascular and cork cambia), and intercalary (at internodes, or stem regions between the places at which leaves attach, and leaf bases |
| guard cells | plant cells which open and close the stomata found on a leaf or stem to control gas exchange between the plant and the environment |
| Stomata | minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming an opening which allows movement of gases in and out of the plant |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which plants and some bacteria and protists that contain chlorophyll make carbohydrates from water and from carbon dioxide in the air in the presence of light |
| Transpiration | the process by which plants give off water vapor through the stomata in their leaves |
| Epidermis | a thin surface layer of protecting cells in seed plants and ferns |
| Vascular Tissue | a specialized conducting tissue of higher plants that consists essentially of phloem and xylem and forms a continuous system throughout the plant body |
| Meristematic Tissue | plant tissue made up of undifferentiated cells; typically found at the tips of roots and stems and is responsible for the continuing growth of a plant |
| Stoma or stomata | any of the minute openings surrounded by two guard cells in the epidermis of a leaf through which moisture and gases pass |
| Guard Cell | one of the two crescent-shaped epidermal cells that border and open and close a plant stoma |
Created by:
YoungbloodScience
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