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PBS Unit 4.3
Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Adenine | A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base. |
Buffer | A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution. |
Cytosine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
Gene | A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). |
Guanine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base. |
Helix | Something spiral in form. |
Histone | A small protein with a high proportion of positively charged amino acids that binds to the negatively charged DNA and plays a key role in its chromatin structure. |
Hydrogen bond | A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. |
Lysis | A process of disintegration or dissolution (as of cells). |
Model | A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to analyze and solve problems or make predictions. |
Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |
Thymine | A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
Supernatant | The liquid on top of material deposited by settling or centrifugation. |