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Blood Pressure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blood pressure | force per unit area exerted on wall of blood vessel by blood, mm Hg |
| hypotension | low BP, below 90/60 mmHg, not concerning unless it causes inadequate blood flow |
| hypertension | sustained elevated arterial pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher |
| venous BP | 15 mm Hg, low pressure due to effects of peripheral resistance, changes little during cardiac cycles |
| capillary BP | ranges from 35 to 17mm Hg, low pressure is desired so capillaries don't rupture and for gas exchange |
| measuring arterial blood pressure | systemic arterial BP is measured indirectly by auscultatory methods using a sphygmomanometer |
| vital signs | pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature |
| pulse | throbbing of arteries due to difference in pulse pressures, which can be felt under skin |
| pulse pressures | difference between systolic and diastolic pressure |
| systolic pressure | pressure exerted in aorta during ventricular contraction, normal is 120 mm Hg |
| diastolic pressure | lowest level of aortic pressure when heart is at rest, normal is 80 mm Hg |
| pulsatile | BP near heart |
| arterial BP | determined by elasticity of arteries close to heart and volume of blood forced into arterioles at any time |
| systemic BP | highest in aorta |
| blood vessel diameter | has greatest influence on resistance, laminar flow is normal , turbulent flow is not normal |
| blood viscosity | thickness/stickiness of blood due to formed elements and plasma proteins, greater viscosity→ less motility→ increased resistance |
| what is more viscous honey or water | honey |
| total blood vessel length | longer vessel→ longer distance→ greater resistance |
| peripheral resistance (PR) | 1. blood viscosity 2. total blood vessel length 3. blood vessel diameter |
| turbulent flow | irregular flow with increased resistance |
| laminar flow | fluid along walls notes slower than middle of tube, normal flow |
| hypertension crisis | hypertension crisis, higher than 180 mm Hg and higher than 120 mm Hg |
| high BP, hypertension stage 2 | 140mm Hg or higher and 90mm Hg or higher |
| high BP, hypertension stage 1 | 130mm Hg-139 mm Hg and 80mm Hg -89mm Hg |
| elevated BP | 120 mm Hg-129 mm Hg and less than 80 mm Hg |
| normal BP | less than 120 mm Hg and less than 80 mm Hg |
| 120 mm Hg on top | 80 mm Hg on bottom |
| 120 mm Hg | systolic, on top |
| 80 mm Hg | diastolic, on bottom |
Created by:
brookeklinger
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