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Mitosis
Cell Division and Cancer
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asexual | Reproduction by dividing a single cell into 2 |
| anaphase | Third phase of cell division where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles |
| cancer | unregulated cell division |
| centriole | Paired organelle that organizes the movement of cell parts |
| centromere | Point where sister chromatids are held together. Also where spindle fibers attach |
| chromatin | Long and thin arrangement of DNA in nucleus |
| chromosome | A chunk of DNA |
| crossing over | Occurs during prophase, homologous pairs swap some DNA |
| cytokinesis | Division of cytoplasm and cell parts |
| daughter cell | One of the cell made during cell division |
| diploid | Having 2 copies of each chromosome; most cell |
| equator | The imaginary line around the middle of a sphere |
| gamete | A reproductive cell: egg or sperm |
| haploid | Having 1 copy of each chromosome |
| homologous pair | Corresponding pairs of sister chromatids, one from Mom and one from Dad |
| karyotype | A picture of all the chromosomes from a single cell |
| metaphase | Second phase of cell division where chromosomes are aligned at the equator |
| nondisjunction | When the sister chromatids or homologous pairs do not split up during Anaphase |
| prophase | First phase of cell division, nuclear envelope dissolves and chromatin condenses into chromosomes |
| Sexual | Reproduction where egg and sperm are brought together to form a genetically unique offspring |
| sister chromatids | Identical copies of a chromosome |
| spindle fibers | Radiate from centrioles, they are used to move chromosomes around during cell division |
| synthesis | Phase in interphase where DNA is copied |
| telophase | Last phase of cell division where nuclear membrane reforms and chromosomes unwind to chromatin |