Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chromosomes | chromosomes- a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes |
| Daughter Cell | Either of the two cells formed when a cell undergoes cell division by mitosis. Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell because they contain the same number and type of chromosomes |
| Diploid (2n) | Diploid describes a cell that contain two copies of each chromosome. Among those, there are two sex-determining chromosomes, and 22 pairs of autosomal, or non-sex, chromosomes |
| Gamete | a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
| Haploid (1n) | Haploid sexually reproducing organisms, the number of chromosomes in the body omatic ells typically is diploid (2n; a pair of each chromosome), twice the haploid (1n) number found in the sex cells, or gametes. The haploid number is produced during meiosis |
| Meiosis | Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females |
| Chromatid | chromatid- each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA |
| Crossing Over | Crossing over- the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring. |
| Fertilization | Fertilization is the fusion of haploid gametes, egg and sperm, to form the diploid zygote. Note though there can be subtle differences in the fertilization process which occurs naturally within the body or through reproductive technologies outside the bod |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Homologous chromosomes are two pieces of DNA within a diploid organism which carry the same genes, one from each parental source. In simpler terms, both of your parents provide a complete genome. |
| Sexual Reproduction | Sexual reproduction- the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes) |
| Allele | allele- one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
| Conserved | conserve- protect (something, especially an environmentally or culturally important place or thing) from harm or destruction. |
| Genotype | genotype- the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
| Law of Independent Assortment | Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop |
| Law of Segregation | law of segregation states that the two alleles for each trait segregate, or separate, during the formation of gametes, and that during the formation |
| Phenotype | phenotype- the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment |
| Trait | A trait is something about you that makes you "you. |
| Zygote | zygote- a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum |
| Genetic Linkage | Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction. |
| Sex-Linked Trait | Sex linked is a trait in which a gene is located on a sex chromosome. In humans, the term generally refers to traits that are influenced by genes on the X chromosome , |
| Nondisjunction | Nondisjunction- the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei. |
Created by:
Selmaleal
Popular Biology sets