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Chapter 15
Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Larynx | Voice Box |
| Trachea | Windpipe |
| Bronchi | Branches |
| Lungs | Pulmonary ventilation |
| Alveoli | Extremely tiny, very thin- walled sacs |
| Upper Respiratory Tract | Composed of the nose, pharynx, and larynx |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | Consists of the trachea, all segments of the bronchial tree and lungs |
| Respiratory Mucosa | The membrane that lines most of the air distribution tubes in the system |
| Mucus | Thick, slippery material that is secreted by the mucous membrane and keeps the membrane moist |
| Ciliary Escalator | Process of cilia moving mucus an entrapped particles upward and out of the respiratory tract |
| External nares | Nostrils |
| Nasal Cavities | Right and left cavities are lined by respiratory mucosa |
| Nasal Septum | Separates the two nasal cavities |
| Paranasal sinuses | Four sinuses 1. Frontal 2. Maxillary 3. Sphenoid 4. Ethmoidal |
| Nasopharynx | Uppermost part of the tube behind the nasal cavities |
| Oropharynx | Portion behind the mouth |
| Laryngopharnx | Lowest segment of the tube |
| Epiglottis | Acts like a trapdoor, closing off the larynx during swallowing and preventing food and liquids from entering the trachea |
| Bronchioles | Very small passageways |
| Alveolar ducts | Resembles the main stem of a bunch of grapes |
| Alveolar sacs | Each alveolar duct ends in several sacs that resemble a cluster of grapes |
| Alveoli | Small cavity, resembles a single, hollow grape |
| Pulmonary ventilation | Regular breathing |