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ap biology unit 5

TermDefinition
chromosomes DNA molecule packed tightly
daughter cell offspring of parent cell
diploid (2n) any cell with two chromosome sets
gamete sex cell
haploid (n) gametes that contain one set of chromosomes
meiosis gamete formation, results in 4 cells with 1 set of chromosomes
chromatid part of a copied chromosome
crossing over nonsister chromatids exchanging alleles with each other
fertilization union of gametes by a fusion of the nuclei
homologous chromosomes two chromosomes of a pair that have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern
sexual reproduction two parents giving rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
allele alternative versions of genes
conserved gene that has remained unchanged throughout evolution
genotype genetic makeup
law of independent assortment two or more genes assort independently during gamete formation
law of segregation two alleles for a heritable character segregate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes
phenotype organism's appearance or observable traits
trait each variante for a character
zygote fertilized egg
genetic linkage genes located near each other on the same chromosome that are inherited together
sex-linked trait traits resulting from genes located on sex chromosomes
nondisjuction one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome and the other received none
Created by: andream18
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