A threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins. See chromatin.

Either of the two cells that result when a cell divides.

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent.

A haploid cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.

A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n).

A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.

Each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.

The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis.

The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.

Homologous Chromosomes

Chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s father, the other from the mother.

A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.

Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects.

Conservation indicates that a sequence has been maintained by natural selection

The genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism.

Law of Independent Assortment

Mendel’s second law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.

Mendel’s first law, stating that each allele in a pair separates into a different gamete during gamete formation.

The physical and physiological traits of an organism, that are determined by its genetic makeup.

Any detectable variation in a genetic character.

The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes in conception; a fertilized egg.

Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.

Sex linked is a trait in which a gene is located on a sex chromosome.

An error in meiosis or mitosis, in which both members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or both sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.

Help

Options

focusNode

Didn't know it?
click below

Knew it?
click below

Don't Know

Remaining cards (0)

Know

retry

shuffle

restart

0:00

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Unit 5

AP Biology Unit 5 Vocabulary - Garcia

Term	Definition
Chromosomes	A threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins. See chromatin.
Daughter Cell	Either of the two cells that result when a cell divides.
Diploid (2n)	A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent.
Gamete	A haploid cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote.
Haploid (1n)	A cell containing only one set of chromosomes (n).
Meiosis	A two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell.
Chromatid	Each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
Crossing Over	The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis.
Fertilization	The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.
Homologous Chromosomes	Chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s father, the other from the mother.
Sexual Reproduction	A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.
Allele	Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects.
Conserved	Conservation indicates that a sequence has been maintained by natural selection
Genotype	The genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism.
Law of Independent Assortment	Mendel’s second law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes.
Law of Segregation	Mendel’s first law, stating that each allele in a pair separates into a different gamete during gamete formation.
Phenotype	The physical and physiological traits of an organism, that are determined by its genetic makeup.
Trait	Any detectable variation in a genetic character.
Zygote	The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes in conception; a fertilized egg.
Genetic Linkage	Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.
Sex-Linked Trait	Sex linked is a trait in which a gene is located on a sex chromosome.
Nondisjunction	An error in meiosis or mitosis, in which both members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or both sister chromatids fail to move apart properly.

Created by: Nataly Garcia

Popular Biology sets

Genetics: Monohybrid, Dihybrid, & Non-Mendelian

Unit 2- Requirements of Life

Evidence of Evolution

"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries: