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Cells Nervous System
Cell that make up the nervous system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nervous tissue is composed of two types of cells. What are they? | Neuroglia and neuron |
| These cells of the nervous tissue are known as the nerve glue, are the most abundant of the nerve cells, and mostly located in the CNS. | Neuroglia |
| Another name for neuroglia cells is WHAT? | Glial cells |
| These nerve cells support, protect, insulate, nourish, and generally care for the delicate neurons. | Neuroglia/glial cells |
| These nerve cells do NOT conduct nerve impulses. | Neuroglia/glial cells |
| These neuroglia/glial cells are the most abundant of the glial cells. They are star shaped, form blood-brain barrier, support neurons, act as phagocytes, and secrete nerve growth factors. | Astrocytes cell |
| These neuroglia/glial cells line the inside cavities of the brain and assist in formation of cerebrospinal fluid. | Ependymal cell |
| These neuroglia/glial cells perform a protective role, phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue. | Microglia |
| These neuroglia/glial cells produce the myelin sheath for neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and assist in regeneration of damaged fibers. | Schwann cells |
| These neuroglia/glial cells produce the myelin sheath for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) | Oligodendrocytes |
| This type of cell within the nervous system is the most important in the transmission of electrical signals. it enables the nervous system to act as a vast communication network. | Neuron |
| Unlike glial cells, BLANK are nonmitotic and therefore do not replicate or replace themselves when injured. | Neuron |
| Neurons are functionally classified into 3 types. What are they? | Sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons |
| These neurons carry information to the CNS. | Sensory neurons |
| These neurons carry information away from the CNS. | Motor neurons |
| These neurons ae found only in the CNS. They form connections between sensory and motor neurons within the CNS. They integrate all sensory information | Interneurons |
| What are the 3 parts of a neuron? | Dendrites, cell body, axon |
| These parts of the neuron are treelike structures that receive signals from other neurons and then transmit the signals toward the cell body. | Dendrites |
| This part of the neuron contains the nucleus and is essential for the life of the cell. It receives thousands of signals from the dendrites and decides on the signal it want s to send to the axon. | Cell body |
| This part of the neuron is a long extension that transmits signals away from the cell body. It undergoes extensive branching to form many BLANK terminals. The chemical neurotransmitters are stored here. | Axon |
| This is a special structure that includes several unique structures e.g. myelin sheath, neurilemma nodes of Ranvier. | Axon |
| Most long nerve fibers of both the PNS and CNS are encased by a layer of white fatty material called the WHAT? | Myelin sheath |
| In the PNS the axon of a neuron is surrounded by a layer of special cells called WHAT cells? These WHAT cells form the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon. | Schwann cells |
| In the PNS the nuclei and cytoplasm of the Schwann cells lie outside the myelin sheath and are called WHAT? | Neurilemma |
| The neurilemma (nuclei and cytoplasm outside myelin sheath) is important in the regeneration of a severed WHAT? | Nerve |
| In the CNS, the myelin sheath is not formed by WHAT cells? | Schwann cells |
| These axonal areas not covered by myelin, appear at regular intervals along the myelinated axon. | Nodes of Ranvier |
| These white or gray tissues are found in what nervous system? | CNS |
| White matter found in the CNS is white because of the BLANK axons. | Myelinated |
| This matter is found in the CNS and is made up of unmyelinated axons, cell bodies, interneurons, and synapses. | Gray |
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