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Reproduction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sexual reproduction | a type of reproduction in which the genetic material from two different cells (a sperm and an egg) combine to produce an offspring |
| egg | the female sex cell, which forms an ovary |
| sperm | the male sex cell which forms the testes |
| fertilization | a reproduction process in which a sperm joins with an egg |
| zygote | the result of when an egg and a sperm cell join |
| diploid | a cell that has pairs of chromosomes |
| homologous chromosomes | pairs of chromosomes that carry the same set of genes |
| haploid | a cell that only has one chromosome from each pair |
| asexual reproduction | only one parent is needed to produce offspring |
| fission | cell division that forms two genetically identical cells |
| meiosis | a copying process that produces cells with half the usual number of chromosomes |
| budding | the process during which a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent |
| regeneration | a type of asexual reproduction that occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent |
| vegetative reproduction | a form of asexual reproduction in which offsprings grows from a part of a parent plant |
| cloning | a type of asexual reproduction performed in a lab that produces identical individuals from a cell or a cluster of cells taken from a multicellular organism |