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Apologia Biology

Module 8

QuestionAnswer
Allele One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes
Autosomal inheritance Inheritance of a genetic trait not on a sex chromosome
Autosomes Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual
Change in chromosome number A situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete
Change in chromosome structure A situation in which the chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis
Dihybrid cross A cross between two individuals concentrating on two definable traits
Dominant allele An allele that will determine phenotype if even one is present in the genotype
Genetic disease carrier A person who is heterozygous in a recessive genetic disorder
Genotype Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait
Heterozygous genotype A genotype with two different alleles
Homozygous genotype A genotype in which both alleles are identical
Monohybrid cross A cross between two individuals concentrating on only one definable trait
Mutation A radical chemical change in one or more alleles
Pedigree A diagram that follows a particular species' phenotype through several generations
Phenotype The observable expression of an organism's genes
Recessive allele An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is hornozygous with that allele
Sex chromosomes Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Sex-linked inheritance Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes
True breeding If an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to all of its offspring, we say that this organism bred true with respect to that characteristic.
Antigen A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody.
Created by: sandcroberts
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