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Define Articulation
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What are the two categories or joint motion?
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Chapter 9

Articulations

QuestionAnswer
Define Articulation Where two bones meet aka joint
What are the two categories or joint motion? Functional and Structural
What are the characteristics of Structural? 3 Matrices - Fibers, Cartilage, Bone 1 mixed type called - Synovial
What are the characteristics of Functional? SAD Synarthrotic Amphiarthrotic Diarthrotic
What are the characteristics of a synarthrotic joint? No ROM Extremely Strong
Provide an example of a Synarthrosis joint. Skull sutures
What are the characteristics of an Amphiarthrotic joint? Some ROM Made for stability
Provide an example of an Amphiarthrosis joint. Ankles & Wrists
What are the characteristics of a Diarthrotic joint? AKA Synovial joint Full ROM Unstable
Provide an example of a Diarthrosis joint. Shoulders & Knees
What is NOT important in Structural category? ROM
Is the presence of a joint cavity is important to structural or functional category? Functional - If there is a cavity there will be ROM, if there is no cavity there will be no ROM.
Describe a synovial joint. It contains all 3 matrices - Fibers, Cartilage, & Bone as well a joint cavity.
Functional& Structural combined - Synarthrosis (no ROM) Suture – dense fiber Gomphosis – fibrous ligament Synchondrosis - cartilage Synostosis - bony
Functional& Structural combined - Amphiarthrosis (some ROM) Syndesmosis – fibrous ligament Symphysis - fibrocartilage
Functional& Structural combined - Diarthrosis (full ROM) Synovial joints – all three
List the 10 special structures of a synovial joint. Articular Cartilage Synovial Fluid Joint Cavity Articular Capsule - Fibrous outside Synovial Membrane inside Accessory Structures - Menisci, Fat Pads, Ligaments, Tendons, Bursae
Describe the features of a synovial joint. Free ROM, joint cavity, articular capsule & synovial fluid.
What makes the synovial fluid? Synovial membrane
What is the job of articular cartilage? Reduce friction
What is the most common (MC) type of arthritis & it's cause? Osteoarthritis & it is caused by cartilage that has worn away
What are the 3 functions of synovial fluid & how do they work? Lubrication - creates hydroplane surface Nutrient Distribution - thru the vacuum created Shock absorption - viscosity increases w/ pressure & thins w/ less pressure.
What are the 5 accessory structures? Menisci, Fat Pads, Ligaments, Tendons, & Bursae
Where can a menisci be found? Knee
Where can a bursae be found? Elbow, Patella
Describe Bursitis. Swelling & inflammation of the Bursae
Describe Dislocation. Complete dislocation
Describe Subluxation. Partial Dislocation
List 3 types of arthritis. Osteoarthritis (MC) Rheumatoid Arthritis Gouty Arthritis
Describe Rheumatoid Arthritis. Autoimmune disease of joints An inflammatory condition due to genetic and environmental factors Wrists and hands, lungs, heart inflammation
Describe Gouty Arthritis. Occurs when crystals (uric acid or calcium salts) form within synovial fluid Due to metabolic disorders Consuming meat, seafood, beer (purines), and being overweight are factors
Describe Osteoarthritis (MC) Due to repetitive motion of opposing joint surfaces; some genetic factors affecting collagen formation Pain management and/or surgical correction may alleviate symptoms Movement re-education useful aka rehab
What is the treatment to correct effects of joint immobilization? CPM - Continuous Passive Movement
Does bone mass increase or decrease with age? Decrease
What is the ion that bones store & release into the blood? Calcium
Created by: Sambucci4
 

 



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