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ES 11 Meteorology 1

Terms associated with atmospheric lifting, cloud forming/types, & precipitation.

QuestionAnswer
meteorology study of physics, chemistry, & dynamics/motion of atmospheric phenomena
meteor any atmospheric phenomenon "high in the air"
nucleus any particle (ex: dust) around which water condenses into droplets to form a cloud
condensation process that changes water vapor into liquid water
humidity another term for water vapor in the air
saturated describes air that holds maximum water vapor (at 100% humidity)
temperature amount vapor to saturate depends on ___ of the air
dew point the temperature to which air must be cooled to for saturation (2 words)
dry the comfort level of air with a dew point < 50 ºF
hygrometer device that measures humidity
stable describes air that rises to a level in the atmosphere, then stops (may form a fair weather cloud)
unstable describes air that continues to rise in the atmosphere, often forming a towering storm cloud
cauliflower vegetable to which the shape of a cumulonimbus (storm) cloud is often compared
inversion condition that exists when it is warmer high in the atmosphere than at ground level
thermal atmospheric lifting when air near the ground is warmed more and rises due to lower density
orographic atmospheric lifting that occurs when air goes over mountains, often forming a cloud
frontal ___ wedging: atmospheric lifting when warm & cold air masses meet... warm goes over cold
convergence atmospheric lifting that occurs when 2 similar air masses meet and both push upwards
cumulus individual cloud with flat base and domed top
stratus layered cloud that covers much or all of the sky
cirrus high, white, thin, wispy/feather-like cloud
altostratus cloud that appears as white or gray sheets with the sun shining through only as a bright spot
stratocumulus a cloud that consists of long parallel rolls or broken rounded patches
nimbostratus cloud most associated with precipitation that is gentle but steady (dreary day cloud)
fog cloud whose base forms at or near the ground (classified as stratus)
coalescence process by which cloud droplets become larger by colliding with each other
supercooled described (pure) liquid water that exists below its normal freezing point
rain precipitation in the form of large drops of water
snow precipitation in the form of 6-sided ice crystals or clumps
graupel precipitation in the form of snow pellets (fairly rare in NC)
sleet precipitation in the form of pellets of ice formed when rains falls through a layer of subfreezing air
hail precipitation in the form of a LAYERED ice pellet formed by in cumulonimbus cloud
glaze precipitation in the form of supercooled water that freezes on impact (i.e. freezing rain)
Created by: goakley
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