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The Human Cell

Structure and Function

TermDefinition
Gell in the cell Cytoplasm
Semi Permeable Chooses substances that enter/exit Primarily made of phospholids and proteins Cell membrane
Fluid organelles are suspended in Composed mainly of water, dissolved solute Cytosol
Hairlike, many Moves substances across membrane of cell Cillia
Accordian like folds in membrane Increase transport of water and dissolved solute Microvilli
Single, long hairlike structures Whiplike movement Move cell Flagellum
Continained within the nucleoplasm (dark spot) Synthesizes ribosomes/RNA Nucleolus
Threadlike structures Contained within the nucleoplasm Contain DNA in non-dividing cell Form chromosomes in dividing cell Chromatin
Control centre of the cell Controls all protein synthesis Genetic information Nucleus
Fluid like substance in nucleus Nucleoplasm
Double layer membrane Large pores allow movement of certain substances between nucleus and cytoplasm Nuclear Membrane
Threadlike structures primary component of cytoskeleton - make cell strong and rigid Anchor organelles Form spindle apparatus re chromosomes in dividing cell Microtubules
Contain enzymes that break down intracellular waste/debris Remove damaged organelles Destruction of ingested bacteria - process called Phagocytosis Lysosomes
Takes place in Lysosome Process of destruction of ingested bacteria Phaygocytosis
Powerplants of the cell Site of ATP (energy) production Mitochrondia
Fixed ribosomes on it Concerned with protein synthesis Protein transported through channels and delivered to Golgi Appartus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
No ribosomes on it Site of lipid and steroid synthesis Synthesis of glycogen in liver and skeletal muscle Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Receives protein from RER and finishes and packages it for export Golgi Appartus
Float within cytosol Make protein used within the cell Free Ribosomes
Fixed to endoplasmic reticulum Synthesis of proteins that are exported Fixed Ribosomes
Composed of threadlike structures called microfilaments and microtubules (make up centrioles) Helps maintain shape of cell - microtubules make cell strong and rigid Also helps with cell movement Cytoskeleton
Part of cytoskeleton Paired, rod shaped and short microtubular structures that form spindle apparatus in a dividing cell. Centrioles
This membrane has two layers Outer layer is smooth; inner layer has many folds called "Cristae" Associated with ATP production Mitochondia Membrane
Created by: JoJo500%
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