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NBCHBCh5Spicer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two processes that allow cells to arrange themselves into groups, and what are their functions? | 1. Cell recognition, in which one cell specifically binds to another cell of a certain type 2. Cell adhesion, in which the connection between the two cells is strengthened |
| What are the definitions of homotypic cell binding and heterotypic cell binding? | Homotypic binding is when the same molecule sticks out of both cells, and the exposed surfaces bind ot each other; Heterotypic binding is when different chemical groups on different surface molecules have an attraction to one another |
| What are the three types of cell junctions that connect adjacent cells in some way? | 1. Tight Junctions are specialized structures that link adjacent epithelial cells 2. Desmosomes connect connect adjacent plasma membranes of cells 3. Gap Junctions faciliate communication between cells |
| What are the two processes by which substances cross biological membranes? | 1. The processes of passive transport, in which do not require any input of of outside energy to drive them 2. The processes of active transport, in which do require the input of chemical energy from an outside source |
| What is osmosis? | Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across membranes |
| What are the three types of solute concentration? | Isotonic: equal solute concentrations; Hypertonic: higher solute concentration to lower solute concentration; and Hypotonic: lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration |
| What are the three types of membrane proteins that are involved in active transport? | Uniports: they move a single substance in one direction; Symports: they move two substances in the same direction; and Antiports: they move two substance in opposite directions, one into the cell, the other out of the cell |
| Primary and secondary active transport rely on different energy sources, what energy source does a primary active transport rely on? A secondary active transport? | Primary active transport requires the direct participation of the energy-rich molecule ATP; Secondary active transport does not use ATP directly; rather, its energy is supplied by an ion concentration gradient established by primary active transport |
| What is a group of processes that bring small molecules, macromolecules, large molcules, and even small cells into the eukaryotic cell? | Endocytosis |
| Which type of endocytosis is known as "cellular eating"? "cellular drinking"? | Phagocytosis is known as "cellular eating" because part of the plasma membrane engulfs large particles or even entire cells; Pinocytosis is known as "cellular drinking" because small dissolved substances and or fluids are brought into the cell |
| How is exocytosis different from endocytosis? | Exocytosis is different from endocytosis because exocytosis in the process of moving materials out of the cell, where as, endocytosis is the process of bringing materials into the cell |
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scspicer
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