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Principles
Metabolism nutrition enzymes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| breakdown of molecules . Complex to simple | catabolism |
| building up molecules from basic building block - simple to complex | anabolism |
| complex to simple, yield energy.... | oxidative |
| simple to complex, requires energy... | reductive |
| catalyst that speeds up a reaction.. | enzyme |
| assists and enzyme... | co enzyme |
| thermodynamic is a change in | heat |
| what needs to be removed from amino acids | nitrogen |
| Lipids are broken down to.... | glycerol and fatty acids |
| glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate sources | gluconeogenesis |
| glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi =......... | 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP + 4 H+ |
| where is the krebs cycle | mitochondria |
| enzyme used in step 1 of glycolysis | hexokinase |
| enzyme used in step 3 of glycolysis | phosphofructokinase (PFK) |
| main regulator of of enzyme glycolysis | phosphofructokinase (PFK) |
| Too much - too high ATP inhibits which enzyme from working.. | phosphofructokinase (PFK) |
| Which organic compound activates PFK (in presence of ) | ADP |
| enzyme used in step 10 of glycolysis | pyruvate kinase |
| metabolism is a series of pathways of.... | linked chemical reaction |
| what are amino acids, monosaccharides, purines, pyrimides | metabolites |
| enzymes that change their conformational ensemble upon binding of an effector | allosteric |
| substrate binding site... | active site |
| where other molecules bind - affecting (increase or decrease) the enzymes reaction | regulatory site |
| 3 factors affecting rate of catalysed reaction | temp, concentration, pH |
| co-factors of enzyme activity... | vitamins |
| metal ions invloved in enzyme co factors | Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe |
| most important and widespread vitamin-derived coenzymes | NAD |
| If flavin (FAD) gains an electron it is... | reduced |
| FAD reduction it becomes | FADH |
| allosteric activator shifts the curve left or right to speed up reaction? | left |
| allosteric inhibitor shifts the curve left or right to speed up reaction? | right |
| what happens to PFK in presence of ATP | catabolic reaction is inhibited (sign that enough energy is present so doesnt need to create anymore) |
| what happens to PFK in presence of ADP | catabolic reaction is activiated (ADP present means the cell needs to produce more ATP) |
| molecule that binds to active site and prevents subtrate from binding to an enzyme | inhibitor |
| Gibbs free energy change of catabolism | negative |
| Gibbs free energy change of anabolism | postitive |
Created by:
Gemma Macklin
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