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Principles
vitamins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organic elements of vitamin | C, H, O sometimes N |
| Why are vitamins required? | Cataylsts of enzyme system required to release energy from fat, proteins and carbs |
| Fucntions of vitamins | antioxidants - protect from free radicals co enzymes food additives ( can be added to cereals etc) pharmacologic helpers (ance) |
| Water soluble vitamins | B C |
| Fat soluble vitamins | A D E K |
| Where are water soluble vitmains absorbed into to? | Blood stream |
| What happens to excess amounts of Water soluble vitamins | Excreted in urine |
| Vit B1 | Thiamine |
| Vit B2 | Riboflavin |
| Vit B3 | Niacin |
| Vit B5 | Pantothenic |
| Vit B6 | Pyridoxine |
| Vit B7 | Biotin |
| Vit B9 | Folate and folic acid |
| Vit B12 | cobalamin |
| Vit C | ascorbic acid |
| How frequently are water soluble vitmains required | 1-3 days |
| Where are fat soluble vit absorbed? | lympathetic system then bloodstream |
| Excess fat soluble vit stored | liver and adipose tissue |
| Vit A | retinol |
| Vit D | calciferol |
| Vit E | tocopherol |
| Vit K | menadoine |
| Functions of vit A | Skin, hair, mucous membranes |
| Functions of vit D | Bone formation, nervous system and heart action |
| Functions of Vit E | Protects blood cells, tissues and essential fatty acids from the destruction in the body |
| Functions Vit K | Blood clotting |
| Functions of fat soluble vitmains | antioxidants, co enzymes, food additives, pharmacologic agents |
| How do fat soluble vitamin work as antioxidants | donate electrons to the free radicals |
| where are vitamins absorbed | intestinal wall |
| where are vitamins digested | small intestine |
| How are vitamins absorbed, transport? | Active transport and diffusion. |
| what is the chemcial compound found in stomach to aid absorption of B12 | Intrinsic factor |
| where is folic acid absorbed | ileum |
| where is vit A absorbed | Duodenum and upper jejunal of small intestine |
| what 2 vitamins fight for the same receptor site | A and D |
| what vitamin is essential for Ca binding protein - to aid in Calcium absorption | D |
| which B vitamin is dependent on Ca | B12 |
| Large dose of vit E inhibit what other vitamin | K |
| 3 vitamins aid in iron absorption | A, B6, C |
| What mineral is required for the mobilsation of stored vit A | Zinc |
| 4 acids that enhance in iron absoprtion | ascorbic, Citric, malic and tataric |
| what is beta carotene a precurser of | vit A |
| High vitamin C can cause what mineral dificiency | copper |
| excess vit D can induce what minerals deficiency | Magnesium and Potassium |
| excess vit A can induce what minerals loss (vitamin D flights for the receptor site but losses) | calcium |
| why do ADEK not need to be consumed everyday? | As they are stored in Liver and Adiose tissue when not utilised |
| where is folic acid (B9) absorbed | ileum |
Created by:
Gemma Macklin
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