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biology 2 chapter 1

chepter 1 vocabulary terms

QuestionAnswer
very small ,simple cell that lacks a nucleus; {ex}bacteria ; evolved 3.5 billion years ago; have adapted to almost every environment on earth prokaryotic cells
subcellular part that has a special cellular function organelle
large, complex cell that contains a membrane-bound compartment called a nucleus; evolved 1.5 billion years ago; includes all cells exept bacteria; {ex}plants; animals eukaryotic cell
the barrier whitch regulates what goes in and out of the cell; {ex}food nutrients and oxygen goes in ; carbon dioxide goes out cell membrane
the condition or tendency to maintain stability internally as changes occur in the invironment outside the cell homeostasis
it generally regulates which substances pass in and out of the cell selectively permeable
nutrients substances found in every living cell needed for cell growth and repair proteins
the control center of the cell nucleus
clongated structures containing DNA: pass traits of the cell to new cells chromosome
made of strands of DNA making up a chromosome chromatid
holds a pair of chromatids together centromere
membrane seperating nucleus from the rest of the cell; regulates passage of materials in and out of the nucleus nuclear membrane
the fluid substance surrounding the nucleus nucleoplasm
bodies within the nucleus made of RNA and protein nucleolus
the material inside the cell membrane containing the necessary components for cell life cytoplasm
spherical bodies that contain RNA and produce protein for the cell ribosomes
building blocks of protein amino acids
a network of membranes in the cytoplasm that transports substances made by the cell endoplasmic reticulum
Created by: cdwscr
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