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Unit 2 2514

Acid controlling drugs

QuestionAnswer
This class of drug can inhibit up to 98% of stomach acid (achlorhydria) production for 24 hours Proton pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole)
Which of the following drugs will be MOST effective at decreasing stomach acid? Ranitidine, misoprostyl, aluminum hydroxide, omeprazole Omeprazole. This is a PPI medication that can decrease up to 100% of stomach acid production for 24 hours.
This class of drug binds to histamine receptors in the stomach to decrease stomach acid production H2 receptor antagonists. The "H" in H2 is for histamine. (e.g. ranitidine)
What is a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide (Almajel) when used as an antacid? Constipation, hyperphosphatemia
What are some medical conditions for which PPI medications may be prescribed? GERD, gastric or duodenal ulcers, used in hospital to prevent stress-induced gastritis in critically ill patients.
What is the mechanism of action of omeprazole? Irreversibly binds to the H+ K+ -ATPase (proton pump), which is the final step in secreting gastric acid from parietal cells.
How will the nurse assess a patient on omeprazole to determine the drug's effectiveness? Ask about improvement in symptoms of reflux, should experience less "heartburn" once the drug takes effect.
When a client has a peptic ulcer caused by H. Pylori, why does treatment include a PPI or H2 Receptor antagonist? Either of these agents will decrease stomach acid and allow the ulcer to heal while the H.Pylori is being treated with antibiotics
What is the mechanism of action of antacids? Neutralize stomach acid, reduce pepsin activity, and stimulate production of prostaglandins.
What is one interaction that reduce the effectiveness of H2 Blockers? Smoking.
This class of drug can protect ulcers and erosions to promote healing Cytoprotective drugs such as Sucralfate coats and binds GI tract to protect ulcers from pepsin. Prostaglandin analog such as misoprostol restore prostaglandins to produce mucus.
What is the function of medications that increase prostaglandins in the GI tract? Promote secretion of bicarbonate, mucus and mucosal blood flow.
When is magnesium hydroxide (MOM) contraindicated for a patient? When patient has renal dysfunction since Magnesium can accumulate for such patients.
In what situation would an antacid be avoided for a patient? When undetermined abdominal pain is present in patient since it can cause diarrhea it can be dangerous for those with a bowel obstruction or appendicitis.
Created by: Shamilla
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