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Earth's Fossils
vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Fossil | preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organism from the remote past |
Sedimentary rock | type of rock that is pressed and cemented together. fossils are found here |
Ammonites | extinct animal |
Stromatolites | rock type structure made from blue- green algae. first forms of life on earth. still found in some areas today |
Trace fossil | indirect evidence of life in past (Ex. feces, footprints, tracks, burrows, boring) |
Index fossil | a fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found. |
Casts | organism dies and the cavity fills with minerals, maybe sand or clay |
Mold | organism dies and there is no filling of the cavity with minerals Cast |
Relative Age | The age of rock layers compared to other layers |
Absolute age | Most accurate form of dating, also called radiometric dating.This relies on the property of half life, which is the predictable time an element takes to decay |
Geologic Time Scale | a chronological representation of Earth’s geologic history going back 4.6 billion years until present day. |
Fossil Record | By using relative and absolute dating scientists are able to put together the Earth’s geologic history. |
Coprolite | a piece of fossilized poop |
Permineralization | groundwater and minerals preserve the material instead of replacing it |
Petrification | Water dissolves the material and replaces it with water |
Carbonization | The process in which all substances decay except for the carbon. leaves a carbon film of the rock. |
Law of Superposition | newest rock is on top, and oldest rock is on bottom |
Burrows | hole or tunnel dug by a small animal |
Paleontologist | a scientist that specializes in the study of fossils |
Fossil Resin | sticky resin that captures animals and invertebrates, and captures their DNA |
Replacement | where the water washes out the fossil and replaces it with minerals |
Tar & Ice | Trapped in and whole body can be preserved. Ice can capture whole animal as well, can be found with skin, hair, and even organs |