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NBCHBCh5Caruso
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three types of animal cell junctions and their functions? | Tight junctions: prevent substances from moving between cells and ensure the directional movement of materials into the body. Desmosomes: connect adjacent plasma membranes. Gap junctions: facilitate communication between cells. |
| What are two ways that cells can arrange into groups? | Cell recognition: cell binding. Cell adhesion: connection between cells is strengthened. |
| What are two features that allow proteins to bind to other specific molecules? | Proteins have specific shapes and specific chemical groups. |
| What are the four factors that determine how fast a substance diffuses? | The diameter of the molecules diffusing, the temperature of the solution, the electric charge of diffusing substance, and concentration gradient. |
| Facilitated diffusion is a form of ______ transport. | Passive |
| Why does glucose take a shorter amount of time to enter a cell through a carrier protein? | Glucose is broken down almost as soon as it enters a cell, causing the outside of a cell to have a higher concentration of glucose and the concentration gradient favor glucose entry. The transporter also helps get the glucose into a cell fast. |
| What two proteins are known as coupled transporters and why? | Symports and antiports because they move two substances at once. |
| Is the sodium-potassium pump a uniport, symport, or antiport and why? | Antiport: it uses energy released from ATP to transport 2 potassium ions into the cell and 3 sodium ions out of the cell. |
| What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis? | Phagocystosis is a process that brings large particles into the cell to be digested; also known as cellular eating. Pinocytosis brings dissolved substances or fluids into the cell; cellular drinking. |
| What is endocytosis and three types of it? | Endocytosis is the term for a group of processes that bring small molecules, macromolecules, large particles and small cells into a eukaryotic cell. Phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are types. |
| Why is receptor-mediated endocytosis used by animal cells? | It is used to capture specific macromolecules from the cell's environment. |
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