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GS - Carbon Cycle
Review of the Carbon Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are macronutrients? | nutrients used by organisms in large quantities |
| What are micronutrients? | nutrients used by organisms in trace quantities |
| Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus | Mactronutrients |
| iodine, zinc, copper, magnesium | micronutrients |
| Both macronutrients and micronutrients are ___. | recycled |
| The process where macro & micronutrients are passed back and forth between living and nonliving components of the ecosystem. | biogeochemical cycles |
| Primary produces are consumed by ____. | secondary consumers |
| Decomposers are ultimately responsible for releasing the material back into the _____ environment. | nonliving |
| Earth's major reservoir of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide. | atmosphere |
| Carbon enters the biotic part of the ecosystem through ___. | phtosynthesis |
| ____ take the carbon in carbon dioxide and fix it in organic compounds such as glucose, starch, cellulose, and other carbohydrates. | Plants |
| ____ returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. | Respiration in plants |
| Primary produces | Plants |
| In the course of plant consumption, carbon passes into ___. | primary consumers, animals |
| biotic | relating to living organisms |
| When animal consumption occurs, or when the primary consumer is eaten, carbon passes to a ___. | secondary consumer |
| ___ take place in cells of the primary and secondary consumers. | Respiration |
| Through respiration of the primary and secondary consumers, carbon is released back into the environment as ___. | carbon dioxide |
| When the primary and secondary consumers die, their organic matter enters the solid through the process of ___. | decay |
| small animals and microorganisms that subsist on decaying matter. | detritus feeders |
| Another name for a detritus feeder | decomposer |
| Earthworms, mites, centipedes, insects, crustaceans | detritus feeders / decomposers |
| Respiration in detritus feeders / decomposers return ___ to the atmosphere. | carbon |
| Throughout history, much carbon has been converted to ___. | fossil fuel |
| ___ and ___ transform carbon-containing organic matter into coal, oil, and natural gas. | High pressure and temperature |
| Power plants generating electricity and automobiles are just a few that use ____. | fossil fuel energy |
| The products of the ____ of fossil fuels include carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds that enter the atomosphere. | combustion |
| Carbon also enters the environment from the burning of wood and plants that occurs during ___. | forest fires |
| Some ____ from the air dissolves in the oceans and combines with ___ to form calcium carbonate. | carbon dioxide; calcium |
| The shells of mollusks and other creatures are made of ___. | calcium carbonate |
| When the shells decay, they transform into ___, which, overtime, dissolves as it is exposed to water. | limestone |
| Carbon is ___ from the limestone and may return to the atmosphere. | released |
| How does the US get the majority of its energy? | petroleum |
| Which state uses the most oil to produce electricity? | Florida |
| T or F - Increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere will be detrimental to ones health | True |
| What percent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide? | .04% |
| T or F - CO2 is a very reactive molecule in the atmosphere. | false |
| The average annual increase of CO2 since 1958 has been ___ ppm (parts per million) per year. | 1.5 ppm |
| T or F - Release of a carbon dioxide molecule affects the atmosphere for a very long time. | true |
| T or F - Forest that grow after being cut down by logging companies serve as large carbon sinks (meaning they take up a lot of CO2). | True |
| A carbon sink is ... | something that stores carbon |
| A carbon source is ... | something that gives off carbon |
| T or F - If atmospheric CO2 levels continue to increase, plants will take in more CO2 and grow faster. | True |
| T or F - When plants die and deteriorate into the soil, the release CO2. | True |
| Soil serves as a ... | carbon source |
| Soils store about ___ of the earth's total CO2. | 3% |
| T or F - Carbon compounds in the solid react to form humus. | True |
| T or F - The surface ocean stores ore carbon than soils. | false |
| T or F - The ocean helps regulate the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. | True |
| The mechanism by which skeletal structures of sea life transfer carbon to the deep ocean by sinking is called... | the carbonate pump |
| T or F - Shells in the ocean contain CO2. | false |
| T or F - Ocean life can survive without carbon | false |
| Which animals will be hurt by increased CO 2 levels? a. algae b. mollusk c. coral d. all of the above | d. all the above |
| The most dynamic reservoir in the carbon cycle is a. plants b. soils c. ocean d. marine biota | d. marine biota |
| At the poles a. Cold dense water sinks to the ocean floor and fills the ocean basins b. Much of the CO 2 freezes and is trapped in the polar ice c. The CO 2 is released into the atmosphere d. none of the above | a. cold dense water sinks to the ocean floor and fills the ocean basins |
| The deep ocean gets carbon from a. the surface ocean b. marine biota c. both d. neither | c. both |
| Where are we likely to see a carbon buildup first? a. at the poles b. at the equator c. everywhere d. its random | a. at the poles |
Created by:
droesener
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