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35. Bioshere

AP Biology

QuestionAnswer
abiotic nonliving components of the environment
aboveground biomass total mass of aboveground living plants per area
abyssal zone deepest part of the ocean at depths of 4000 m or greater
algal bloom rapid increase of algae in an aquatic system
aphotic zone part of the ocean where no light penetrates
benthic realm part of the ocean that extends along the ocean bottom from the shoreline to the deepest parts of the ocean floor
biogeography study of the geographic distribution of living things and the abiotic factors that affect their distribution
biome ecological community of plants, animals, and other organisms that is adapted to a characteristic set of environmental conditions
biotic living components of the environment
canopy branches and foliage of trees that form a layer of overhead coverage in a forest
channel width of a river or stream from one bank to the other bank
clathrates frozen chunks of ice and methane found at the bottom of the ocean
climate long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions present in a specific area
conspecifics individuals that are members of the same species
coral reef ocean ridges formed by marine invertebrates living in warm, shallow waters within the photic zone
cryptofauna invertebrates found within the calcium carbonate substrate of coral reefs
ecology study of interaction between living things and their environment
ecosystem services human benefits and services provided by natural ecosystems
emergent vegetation wetland plants that are rooted in the soil but have portions of leaves, stems, and flowers extending above the water’s surface
endemic species found only in a specific geographic area that is usually restricted in size
estuary biomes where a source of fresh water, such as a river, meets the ocean
fall and spring turnover seasonal process that recycles nutrients and oxygen from the bottom of a freshwater ecosystem to the top
global climate change altered global weather patterns, including a worldwide increase in temperature, due largely to rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide
greenhouse effect warming of Earth due to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
greenhouse gases atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that absorb and emit radiation, thus trapping heat in Earth’s atmosphere
haze-effect cooling effect of the gases and solids from a volcanic eruption on global climate
heterospecifics individuals that are members of different species
intertidal zone part of the ocean that is closest to land; parts extend above the water at low tide
Milankovitch cycles cyclic changes in the Earth's orbit that may affect climate
neritic zone part of the ocean that extends from low tide to the edge of the continental shelf
net primary productivity measurement of the energy accumulation within an ecosystem, calculated as the total amount of carbon fixed per year minus the amount that is oxidized during cellular respiration
ocean upwelling rising of deep ocean waters that occurs when prevailing winds blow along surface waters near a coastline
oceanic zone part of the ocean that begins offshore where the water measures 200 m deep or deeper
pelagic realm (also, pelagic zone) open ocean waters that are not close to the bottom or near the shore
permafrost perennially frozen portion of the Arctic tundra soil
photic zone portion of the ocean that light can penetrate
planktivore animal species that eats plankton
predator animal species that hunt and are carnivores or “flesh eaters”
Sargassum type of free-floating marine seaweed
solar intensity amount of solar power energy the sun emits in a given amount of time
source water point of origin of a river or stream
thermocline layer of water with a temperature that is significantly different from that of the surrounding layers
weather conditions of the atmosphere during a short period of time
Created by: haqcyn
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