Chemical Reactions that occur in cells/organisms create these. Shows a series of linked/coupled pathways.

Small molecules assembled into larger ones. Needs energy. (Synthesis)

Large Molecules broken down into small ones. Energy released (degradation)

Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of energy

Activation Energy (Ea)

The energy input required to turn reactants into products

Protein-based molecules used by cells to input activation energy (Ea) for energy conservation.

When a product is abundant, it can compete with substrate for an active site. In a chain of enzymes, an enzyme from the final phase can "shut down" the 1st enzyme.

when an enzyme is prevented from working with its respective substrate. Less product is made. Two types: Competitive and Noncompetitive.

Competitive Inhibition

Inhibitor molecule gets in the way of the substrate.

Noncompetitive Inhibition

Inhibitor molecule attaches to the regulatory site which changes the shape of the active site. No binding - enzyme changes shape.

Env. changes causes the enzymes to change shapes and reduces production.

Enzymes can only bind to substrate based on the shape of the active site.

Enzyme Substrate Complex

What it is called when the substrate binds the enzyme at the active site.

Mechanism of internal bonds created in protein folding by which the enzyme fits in with its substrate and is held in place while it is metabolized.

Occurs when the cell processes food, the 3rd phosphate is added to the ADP to make it ATP. Energy is released.

The movement of hydrogen with its 1 electron. OIL RIG

Oxidation Is Loss (electrons) Reduction Is Gain (electrons) - reduction in charge

Spontaneous reaction that release energy. Negative Delta G because the reactants have more free energy than the products.

These are reaction that require an energy input. They are Positive Delta G because it requires energy from other sources.

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Chapter 6: Bio 201

Energy and Enzymes

Term	Definition
Metabolic Pathway	Chemical Reactions that occur in cells/organisms create these. Shows a series of linked/coupled pathways.
Anabolic Metabolism	Small molecules assembled into larger ones. Needs energy. (Synthesis)
Catabolic Metabolism	Large Molecules broken down into small ones. Energy released (degradation)
ATP	Adenosine Triphosphate
ADP	Adenosine Diphosphate
Entropy	Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of energy
Activation Energy (Ea)	The energy input required to turn reactants into products
Enzymes	Protein-based molecules used by cells to input activation energy (Ea) for energy conservation.
Feedback Inhibition	When a product is abundant, it can compete with substrate for an active site. In a chain of enzymes, an enzyme from the final phase can "shut down" the 1st enzyme.
Enzyme Inhibition	when an enzyme is prevented from working with its respective substrate. Less product is made. Two types: Competitive and Noncompetitive.
Competitive Inhibition	Inhibitor molecule gets in the way of the substrate.
Noncompetitive Inhibition	Inhibitor molecule attaches to the regulatory site which changes the shape of the active site. No binding - enzyme changes shape.
Enzyme Denaturation	Env. changes causes the enzymes to change shapes and reduces production.
Enzyme Specificity	Enzymes can only bind to substrate based on the shape of the active site.
Enzyme Substrate Complex	What it is called when the substrate binds the enzyme at the active site.
Induced Fit	Mechanism of internal bonds created in protein folding by which the enzyme fits in with its substrate and is held in place while it is metabolized.
Cellular Respiration	Occurs when the cell processes food, the 3rd phosphate is added to the ADP to make it ATP. Energy is released.
Oxidation Reduction	The movement of hydrogen with its 1 electron. OIL RIG
OIL RIG (ReDox)	Oxidation Is Loss (electrons) Reduction Is Gain (electrons) - reduction in charge
Exergonic	Spontaneous reaction that release energy. Negative Delta G because the reactants have more free energy than the products.
Endergonic	These are reaction that require an energy input. They are Positive Delta G because it requires energy from other sources.

Created by: jhotchkiss

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