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What does the xylem transport?
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What does the phloem transport?
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Grade 9 Igcse
Transport in Plants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the xylem transport? | Water and minerals |
| What does the phloem transport? | Sugars like sucrose and amino acids |
| Describe the position of the xylem and phloem in the leaf | The xylem is on the top of the phloem |
| Describe the position of the xylem and phloem in the stem | The xylem is on the inside of the stem |
| Describe the position of the xylem and phloem in the root | The xylem is in the middle in an X shape The phloem is on the outside of the xylem |
| Describe the pathway of water through a plant | Root hair cell → Root cortex cells → Xylem → Mesophyll cells |
| How are root hair cells adapted to their function? | Long root hair extension to increase surface area for uptake - Thin membranes to decrease the diffusion distance |
| Describe the process of transpiration | Water is lost through the stomata - More water is drawn up to replace the lost water |
| What is the transpiration stream? | The transpiration stream is the flow of water through a plant |
| Define transpiration | The evaporation of water from the aerial parts of a plant on the surface of the mesophyll cells which is followed by diffusion of water vapour through the stomata |
| Why is water lost from plants? | Plants have large air spaces in them - Plants have stomata (pores) in the leaves which allows water to diffuse out of the plant - Plants have a large surface area for evaporation to occur |
| Explain the movement of water through a plant | Water evaporates from the leaves creating a negative pressure in the xylem (transpiration pull) - Water is drawn up the xylem in a column that is held together by cohesion |
| How does temperature affect the rate of transpiration? | As the temperature increases, so does the transpiration rate - The molecules have more KE and evaporation happens faster |
| How does light intensity affect the rate of transpiration? | The brighter the light, the more stomata are open and the rate of photosynthesis increases which both decrease the amount of water in the plant - The rate of transpiration increases |
| How does the wind speed affect the rate of transpiration? | The faster the wind speed, the faster the water is moved away from the plant, creating a steeper gradient and increasing the transpiration rate |
| What causes wilting? | A lack of water which means the plant cells are not turgid and so the plant is not supported |
| Describe translocation | Translocation is the movement of sugars and amino acids up or down the phloem from source to sink (with the use of energy) |
Created by:
Deepti Vimal
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