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5.1,5.2,5.3 Vocab

TermDefinition
DNA molecule that contains information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits
Chromosomes a threadlike structure
Cell Cycle the life cycle of a eukaryotic cell
Interphase the part of the cell cycle during which the cell is not dividing
Mitosis the part of the cell cycle during which the nucleus divides
Cytokinesis the division of the parent cell's cytoplasm
Homologous Chromosomes carry the same genes
Meiosis the type of cell division that produces haploid sex cells such as eggs and sperm cells
Asexual Reproduction one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself
Sexual Reproduction two parents each contribute a sex cell to the new organism
Fertilization when a sperm cell and egg join together
Binary Fission the form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes; the parent organism splits in two producing new cells that are exactly like the parent cell
Budding an organism develops tiny buds on its body and grows until it forms a new full-size organism that is genetically identical to the parent
Spores a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions and is produced asexually by one parant
Vegetative Reproduction mitosis makes vegetative reproduction possible
Prophase the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell condensed and are held together by a centromere, the membrane around the nucleus breaks down
Metaphase chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell centromeres of the chromosomes are the same distance from each side of the cell
Anaphase the chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell and end up with a complete set of chromosomes
Telophase the cell now has two identical nuclei that and the chromosomes become less condensed and Cytokinesis begins
Meiosis I pairs of homologous chromosomes and sex chromosomes split apart into two new cells
Meiosis II results in four haploid sex cells; male organisms these cells develop into sperm cells and in female orgasms these cells become eggs.
Created by: genevaturkish
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