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Unit 7 Evolution LS

Unit 7 Learning Statements

TermDefinition
DNA All living organisms are made of one or more cells containing DNA nucleotides, which code for making proteins.
DNA All organisms have the same four DNA nucleotides, A,T,C, and G. The order of the nucleotides determines the physical traits of the organism.
DNA The sequence or arrangement of the nitrogen bases in DNA determines the heritable traits of an organism.
DNA Similarity Charts - Cladograms, Dendrograms, and Phylogeny Trees Organisms more closely related have fewer differences in their DNA. For example, the number of differences in codons or protein types will be lower if the organisms are more closely related.
DNA Similarity Charts - Cladograms, Dendrograms, and Phylogeny Trees Charts show the oldest organism at one end of the diagram with newer organisms branching out from the common ancestor.
DNA Similarity Charts - Cladograms, Dendrograms, and Phylogeny Trees Charts show organisms with similar DNA are closer together while organism a greater distance apart have a larger number of DNA differences.
Gene Flow Gene flow is the introduction of new alleles into a population, which increases genetic variation and leads to genetic drift.
Gene Flow Genetic flow, movement of organisms to a new location, increase genetic variety by adding alleles to the gene pool of a new area causing genetic drift.
Fitness Fitness is the ability of an organism to survive.
Fitness Organisms that can adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as temperature changes, food availability, or protection from predators, will survive, reproduce, and pass on their genetic fitness to their offspring.
Fitness An adaptation helps organisms survive and reproduce.
Fitness Overproduction of offspring increases the probability that some of the offspring will survive long enough to reproduce.
Fitness Organisms with high fitness can reproduce and increase the frequency of their genes into the population.
Fitness An organism's genetic makeup or DNA sequence determines their fitness to adapt and survive.
Evidence of Evolution Biogeography, movement of organisms over land and water, provides evidence of species evolution and can be used to locate the common ancestor.
Evidence of Evolution Some believe that early chemical elements of C,H,O,N, and P struck by lightning formed the original amino acids.
Evidence of Evolution Homologous structures are similar parts on organisms which indicate a common ancestor but may function differently. Ex: bone structure
Evidence of Evolution Analogous structures are similar structures that evolved independently in two living organisms to serve the same purpose. Ex: wings of a moth and a bird
Evidence of Evolution Vestigial Structures are cells, tissues, and organs in a body which no longer function in the same way the ancestral form of the trait functioned.
Evidence of Evolution Fossil evidence can indicate large extinctions in the past and display changing of environmental conditions.
Evidence of Evolution Embryology is the comparing of species, as the development of an organism can give many clues to its evolutionary history.
Natural Selection the process that organisms with certain traits are better able to adapt to specific environmental pressures, as predators, changes in climate, or competition for food or mates, survive and reproduce to pass on favorable traits in future generations
Common Ancestor Species evolved from a common ancestor and the newer species share DNA sequences with the original organism
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