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Civics Vocab Terms
Civics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Plaintiff | Person who brings the complaint against another person. |
| Defendant | Person who must defend against a complaint. |
| Prosecution | Government body that brings criminal charges against an individual. |
| Precedent | Guidelines that come from previous, similar cases. |
| Original jurisdiction | The court that has the authority to hear a case first. |
| Appellate jurisdiction | The authority to hear an appeal. |
| Judicial restraint | The concept of when the judges don't inject their opinion in the cases they conduct. |
| Judicial activism | A rule put by a judge that looks over precedents in to protect individual rights or serving a broader political agenda. |
| Appeal | The right to ask a higher court to review a decision to be sure justice was done. |
| Circuit courts | A court that sits at two or more places within one judicial district. |
| Courts of Appeal | Responsible for hearing and reviewing appeals from legal cases that have already been heard in a trial-level or other lower court. |
| Opinion | Written statement explaining the reasons for the decision. (Majority opinion, Dissenting opinion) |
| Judicial review | The power to overturn any law that violates the constitution. (See Marbury v. Madison) |
| Constituents | People represented by elected officials |
| Bill | A proposed law. |
| Interest Groups | Groups of people working together for similar goals. |
| Lobbyists | People who represent interest groups. |
| Congressional District | The area that a member o the House represents. (Average is about 700,000 people) |
| Ex Post Facto Laws | A law that makes a particular act a crime, and then punishes people who committed the act before it was a crime. |
| Heritage | Traditions passed down from generation to generation. |
| Legislature | Group of people chosen to make the laws. |
| Charter | Document that gives permission to form a government. |
| Tyranny | Abuse of power. |
| Ancient Greece | Creators of 'Direct Democracy'. |
| Ancient Rome | Creators of 'Republic Democracy'. |
| Magna Carta | Document that provided protection against Tyranny. |
| Common Sense | A pamphlet written in 1776 by Thomas Paine for the Declaration of independence. |
| Charles Montesquieu | French philosopher and writer who inspired the colonists and the branches in the Declaration of independance. |
| John Locke | English philosopher and writer who inspired the colonist in the Declaration of indenpendence. |
| Cato's Letter | Freedom of expression . |
| Executive Branch | The Branch of government responsible for executing, or carrying out, the law. |
| Foreign Policy | Plans that guide our relations with other nations. |
| Executive agreements | Agreements with other countries that do not need senate approval. |
| Republic | Citizens elect representatives to make laws. |
| Direct Democracy | Citizens have one vote to make the laws. |
| Autonomous | A country having freedom to govern themselves. |
| Domistic Policy | Plans for dealing with national problems. |
| Treaties | Formal agreements between nations. |
| Cabinets | Includes heads of each government departments are policy advisors to the president. |
| Civil Service | Non-elected government workers and permanent employees the live on merit. |
Created by:
MadCrazy
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