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Chapter 33.1
Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skeletal system | An organ system in the body that includes bones and connective tissues that hold the bones together |
| appendicular skeleton | The part of the skeletal system that is adapted to move |
| axial skeleton | made up of bones found in the trunk and head of the body, does not move. They are meant for support. |
| vertebrae | Bones surrounding the spinal cord |
| cartilage | Flexible conective tissue found between bones |
| joint | A place where two joints meet |
| ligament | a long band of connective tissue that connects two bones across a joint. |
| calcification | The process of creating hard bone by combining collagen and calcium phosphate. |
| Fibrous joints | Joints that fuse bones together so that they don't move |
| Cartiliganious joints | Joints that allow partial movement |
| Glidding joints | Allow the flat surfaces of bones to slide over each other. Provide flexibility. |
| pivot joints | Found where two bones turn on each other and allow rotation. |
| ball and socket joints | Found in the hip and shoulder. In these joints, the knoblike end of an arm or thigh bone fits into a bony cup in the shoulder blade or hip bone. |
| saddle joints | Allow a bone to move front to back and left to right |
| hinge joints | Allow bones to move in one direction, like a swinging door. |
| Why do you think that ligaments are found in the appendicular skeleton but not the axial skeleton? | Because ligaments help with movement, which the appendicular skeleton needs to do, but te axial skeleton does not. |
| Synovial joints | Allow for much movement, Cushioned with cartilage and connected with ligaments. |
| How does the range of motion of a saddle joint in the thumb differ from the hinge joint in the finger? | Hinge joints have two directions of motion, saddle joints can move more than two directions giving them a better range of motion. |
| How do both compact bone and spongy bone protect parts of the circulatory system? | Compact bones surround haversian bones brotecting blood vessels, and spongy bones protect bone marrow, including red bone marrow which produces new blood cells. |
| What are the differences between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton? | The axial skeleton is for strength and support, so it does not move . The appendicular skeleton is designed to move. |
| How are ligaments and cartilage functionally similar in joints? | Both connect joints and allow for some movement. |
| How is calcification important for growth and protection? | Calcification is the process of creating bone, which is needed if you want to grow. |
| Some scientists say that a person’s bones will never contain more calcium than they had when the person was 18 years old. How might they explain this hypothesis? | The bones get coated with minerals, gradually the calcium level seals resulting in decreasing amounts of calcium production. |
| How are the joints of the axial skeleton similar to and different from the joints of the appendicular skeleton? | The joints in the axial skeleton prevent moving, and the joints in the appendicular skeleton allow movement while connecting bones. |
| Vertebrae protect the spinal cord, the organ that sends messages to and gets messages from the brain. Why do you think it is beneficial for vertebrae to have cartilaginous joints that limit movement? | The back needs to move, but it gives us structure to have the bones in our backs. Additionally If we were to move to much, the vertebrae would no longer be protected, but subject to injury. |
| Name 5 types of synovial joints | Glidding joints, pivot joints, ball and socket joints, saddle joints, hinge joints |
| What are two types of bone? | Spongy and compact |
| How do Haversian canals and red bone marrow link the skeletal system to the circulatory system? | harversian canales contain red blood vessels which can be supplied by the red bone marrow |
| How do bones help to maintain chemical homeostasis in the body? | they are storage of calcium for hormones and deposits |
| How many bones in the human body? | 206 |
Created by:
Meghanb06
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