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Nutrients
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are Nutrients? | They are substances that provide energy to maintain chemical reactions in the cell and for growth and development |
| Name the different types of nutrients. | Carbohydrate, Proteins, Fats, Vitamin s and minerals |
| Name some sources of carbohydrates. | Cereals, rice, most fruits and vegetables- banana, potatoes, casava |
| Foods like chocolates provide quick bursts of energy. Explain | They contain large quantities of glucose or other simple sugars which need nt be digested and quickly pass into blood |
| State the function of carbohydrates. | They provide energy |
| State the role of proteins in our body. | Build structures like muscles, required in metabolism and immunity |
| What are proteins made up of? | They are made up of amino acids. There are 20 different amino acids that make up the proteins in our body. |
| What are the sources of proteins? | Fish, egg, nuts, soya beans, meat and foods made from milk |
| State the role of fats in the body. | Membrane of all cells made of fat , they are also used to build cells; also used as a source of energy |
| What are fats made up of? | Fatty acids and glycerol |
| Explain why Fats that cannot be synthesized in our body are called essential. | Since they have to be consumed in our diet |
| What are the two types of fatty acids? | Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids |
| State sources of unsaturated fatty acid | Present in fish, nuts and vegetable oils |
| List the source of saturated fatty acid | Butter, processed food |
| List the source of fats in the body | Found in meat, fish, milk products and many seeds and nuts |
| Name two essential fatty acids | Omega 3Fatty acid, Omega 6 Fatty acid |
| What are the nutrients that are required in trace amounts in the body? | Vitamins and minerals |
| What is the role of minerals in our body? | They provide strength to your bones and teeth while others found in cells and body fluids help cells to function normally |
| What are water soluble vitamins? | Those that dissolve in water and cannot be stored and hence need to eat them regularly |
| What are Fat soluble vitamins? | Those that are fat soluble, do not dissolve in water and can be stored in the body |
| List sources of water soluble vitamins | Found in vegetables and fruits |
| List sources of fat soluble vitamins | Found in fish and dairy products |
| Name the substance that is not digested in the body, mainly plant source and important part of the food though not a nutrient | Fibre |
| What is the role of fibres in the body? | This helps the food to pass through the digestive system quickly so it prevents constipation |
| What is a Balanced diet? | This is a diet that contains all the nutrients in the right proportion that the cells require to function properly |
| What is the estimate requirement of carbohydrates, fats and proteins for a 13 year old student ? | 60% Carbohydrate; 15-25% Proteins; 20-30% Fats |
| What is Malnutrition? | Is the condition when people don't have a balanced diet; They eat too much of get too little nutrients. |
| What are Deficiency diseases? | If people do not get enough energy and nutrients to function normally they cannot grow to their full height and suffer health problems |
| What is Obesity? | If people eat too much, their bodies store excess energy as fat and Body mass is much higher than the recommended level |
| Obesity increases the risk of diseases like...... | Diabetes, cancer high blood pressure and heart diseases |
| State the solutions for Malnutrition | Creating awareness, Changing lifestyles and exercising, providing fortified food and genetically modified food to supplement nutrients, Making sugary food expensive |
| What is Golden Rice? | Genetically modified rice with an extra gene that produce Vitamin A |
| What is fortified bread? | Bread strengthened with extra vitamins and minerals |
Created by:
Deepti Vimal
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