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Session 2 Microbio17
Microbio -17- Traveler's health #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHat are the most common disease that are vaccinized against or treated prophylactically | Diarrhea, Hep A, Malaria, Yellow Fever, Typhoid |
| What is the virus common among cruise ships | norovirus |
| What is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea | E. Coli |
| What is the route of infection of E. Coli causing traveler's diarrhea | oral fecal route |
| What are the less common causes of traveler's diarrhea | Campylobacter, shigella, salmonella, viruses and parasites are less common. |
| What should you advise the patient who is traveling to a foreign country | avoid foods that are not steaming hot, raw vegetables and fruite they have not peeled themselves and tap water including ice |
| What is the recommended antibiotic for prophylaxis by the CDC | CDC actually doesn't recommend prophylaxis with travelers diarrhea |
| What can you give as a more natural prophylaxis for travelers diarrhea | probiotics are more natural studies suggest lactobacillus GG may have protection rates up to 47% |
| What can be given to relieve symptoms in less than 24 hrs for traveler's diarhhea | imodium + Cipro |
| If traveler's diarrhea is associated with high fever or bloody stools what is recommended treatment for adults | Cipro for three days |
| infection that has similar risk factors to traveler's diarrhea, Is viral (RNA picornavirus Single serotype worldwide) and often endemic in certain areas is trasmitted by oral-fecal route of transmission Marked by acute disease and asymptomatic infection | Hep A |
| Is there a chronic infection with Hep A | no protective antibodies develop in response to infection and confers lifelong immunity |
| What are the s/sx of hep a infection | include fever, malaise, stomach cramps and Jaundice in adults, |
| What is the common prevention for Hep A | Vaccination and if no vaccination you can give gamma globulin |
| Common infection worldwide that is transmitted via mosquito | Malaria |
| How many people each year die from malaria | one million |
| What is uncomplicated malaria | the classical malaria attack that last 6-10 hours but is rarely observed consists of -a cold stage -a hot stage -a sweating stage |
| How often doe the classical umcomplicated malaria attack present | occurs every second day with tertian parasites and every third day with quartan parasite |
| HOw can you dx malaria with blood | get a blood sample during malaria attack and stain it with giemsa and is the gold standard for lab confirmation of malaria. |
| Besides blood smear how else can you dx malaria | rapid diagnostic test but is only approved for 2 malaria antigens |
| What stage of the malaria infection are most drugs targeted at | most drugs are active against the parasite form in the blood |
| What is the protocol for a patient who will be traveling to a malaria endemic area | give them prophylaxis treatment. |
| How is yellow fever transmitted | transmitted by mosquito bite |
| What precautions should be taken in yellow fever endemic areas | get vaccine and use DEET and permethrin repellents to avoid mosquito bites |
| Disease caused by Salmonella typhi or paratyphoid | Typhoid Fever |
| What are the main sources of infection with typhoid fever | contaminated water, milk and food handlers who are carriers of the disease. |
| What are the s/sx of typhoid infection | insidious onset of fever, headache, constipation, malaise, chills, myalgia (very similar to other infectious disease) Confusion, delerium, intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases. |
| What is the tx for typhoid | antimicrobial therapy shortens the clinical course of typhoid fever and reduces the risk of death. |
| How can you prevent typhoid | can be prevented by vaccination or oral route pill |
| WHat is the dermatological sign of typhoid fever | rose spot that blanches with slide |
| what has been developed that aids in dx of norovirus infection | RT-PCR tests that can be used to test stool samples of patient |
| what is the prognosis and tx for norovirus | most patients will be ill on briefly and the greatest fear is dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea |
| How does norovirus typically present | presents as an acute-onset of vomiting, watery non bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps and nausea |
| If someone was talking about being infected with norwalk virus what other name could they use to describe their infection | norovirus |
Created by:
smaxsmith
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