Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 1
AP Biology Unit 1 Vocabulary - Jimenez
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adhesion | clinging of one substance to another, such as water to plant cell walls |
| Cohesion | linkage of like molecules, such as hydrogen bonds |
| Hydrogen Bond | chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom is attracted to the slightly negative atom |
| Polar | uneven distribution of charges in different regions of the molecule |
| Surface Tension | property of water that is formed from hydrogen bonding |
| Atom | smallest unit of matter that can hold properties of an element |
| Essential Element | chemcial element that is required for an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce |
| Macromolecule | giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules |
| Cleavage | the division of cells, without any significant growth |
| Dehydration Synthesis | chemical reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the removal of a water molecule |
| Hydrolysis | chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water |
| Monomer | subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer |
| Amino Acid | organic molecule possessing both a carboxyl and an amino acid group |
| Amino Terminus/N-Terminus | the start of a protein or polypeptide referring to the group located at the end of a polypeptide |
| Carbohydrates | a sugar/monosaccharide or disaccharide or polymers |
| Carboxyl Terminus/C-Terminus | the end of a free carboxyl group |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | nucleic acid molecule in a double stranded helix that determine the inherited structure of a cell's proteins |
| Deoxyribose | the sugar component of DNA nucleotides and RNA nucleotides |
| Hydrophilic | having an affinity for water |
| Hydrophobic | having no affinity for water |
| Lipid | large biological molecules, like fats, phospholipids, and steriods |
| Nitrogenous Base | molecule containing nitrogen and has the chemical property of a base |
| Nucleic Acid | a polymer consisted of many nucleaotide monomer, which serve as the building blocks of proteins |
| Nucleotide | building block of a nucleic acid, made up of a five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base |
| Phosphate | phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms |
| Phospholipids | a lipid made up o glycerol joined to two fatty acids and a phosphate group |
| Polymer | long molecule consisting of many similar monomers linked together by covalent bonds |
| Protein | biologically functional molecule consisiting of one or more polypeptides formed into a 3D structure |
| R group | any group in which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule |
| Ribonucleic Acid | type of nucleic acid consisting of a polynucleotide made up of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous |
| Ribose | sugar component of RNA nucleotides |
| Saturated Fats | fatty acid with all carbons in the hydrocarbon maximizing the number of carbons |
| Unsaturated Fats | fatty acid in which there are one or more double bonds in the chain |
| 3’ | three primer the end of the terminal hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon of the deaxyribose |
| 5’ | five primer end of the terminal phosphate group on the 5' carbon of the deoxyribose |
| Alpha Helice | a coiled region consistuting one form of the secondary structure of proteins |
| Antiparallel – in regards to DNA | referring to the arrangmenent of sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix |
| Beta-Sheet | one form the secondary structure of proteins in which the polypeptide chain folds back and forth |
| Covalent Bond | a chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons |
| Double Helix | the form of native DNA, two polynucleotide strands wound around into a spiral shape |
| Peptide | short chain of amino acids |
| Polypeptide | a polymer of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds |
| Primary Structure | the level of protein referring to the specific linear sequence of amino acids |
| Secondary Structure | regions of repetitive coiling of the polypeptide backbone of a protein due to hydrogen bonding |
| Subunit | subdivision of a larger unit |
| Synthesis | combining two or more components to produce |
| Tertiary Structure | overall shape of a protein molecule due to interactions of amino acid side chains |
| Sugar-Phosphate Backbone | sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA |
Created by:
Isaias.vj
Popular Biology sets