Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 1
Ap Biology unit 1 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adhesion | The clinging of one substance to another, also plays a role. |
| Cohesion | Collectively the hydrogen bonds hold the substance together in a phenomenon |
| Hydrogen Bond | Hydrogen bonding is when a water molecule is polar covalent bond. It can form multiple partners and these associations are constantly changing. |
| Polar | A polar molecule is a sharing of electrons and water V-like shape make it a polar molecule meaning that is overall charge is unevenly distributed |
| Surface Tension | A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of liquid. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element |
| Essential Element | Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, chlorine, iron, manganese, |
| Macro molecule | is a very large molecule, such as protein, commonly composed of the polymerization of smaller subunits called monomers. |
| Cleavage | The process of cytokineses in animal cells characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane |
| Dehydration Synthesis | refers to the formation of larger molecules from smaller reactants, accompanied by the loss of a water molecule |
| Hydrolysis | the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water. |
| Monomer | a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer. |
| Amino Acid | An organic molecule possessing both carboxylic and an amino group |
| Amino Terminus/N-Terminus | and they specify the order of amino acids in a protein from N-terminus (methionine) to C-terminus. |
| Carbohydrates | A sugar or one of its dimer or polymers |
| Carboxyl Terminus/C-Terminus | A chemical group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double bonded. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | A nucleic acid molecule usually a double stranded helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose |
| Deoxyribose | The sugar component of DNA nucleotide having one fewer hydroxide group than ribose the sugar component of RNA nucleotide |
| Hydrophilic | having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water. |
| Hydrophobic | hydrophobicity is the physical property of a molecule that is seemingly repelled from a mass of water. |
| Lipid | class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. |
| Nitrogenous Base | A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base |
| Nucleic Acid | living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain. |
| Nucleotide | is an organic molecule that is the building block of DNA and RNA. |
| Phosphate | is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative |
| Phospholipids | are a class of lipids whose molecule has a hydrophilic |
| Polymer | substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together |
| Protein | Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body. |
| R group | n which a carbon or hydrogen atom is attached to the rest of the molecule. |
| Ribonucleic Acid | is a molecule similar to DNA |
| Ribose | is a type of simple sugar, or carbohydrate, that our bodies make. |
| Saturated Fats | fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all or predominantly single bonds. |
| Unsaturated Fats | which are liquid at room temperature, are considered beneficial fats because they can improve blood cholesterol levels |
| 3’ | Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5' (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3' (three prime). |
| 5' | A modified form of guanine nucleotide added onto the 5 end of a pre mRNA |
| Alpha Helice | A coiled region constituting one form the secondary structure of arising from specific patter of hydrogen bond |
| Antiparallel – in regards to DNA | DNA double helix they run opposite form 5 to 3 |
| Beta-Sheet | It is important for protein structure, such as fatty-acid binding proteins, which are required for lipid metabolism |
| Covalent Bond | A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons. |
| Double Helix | The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent antiparallel polynucleotide strands |
| Peptide | is a short chain of amino acids. |
| Polypeptide | A polymer of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. |
| Primary Structure | The level of protein structure referring to the specific linear sequence of amino acids. |
| Secondary Structure | Protein secondary structure is the three dimensional form of local segments of proteins. |
| Subunit | a protein subunit is a single protein molecule that assembles with other protein molecules to form a protein complex |
| Synthesis | chemical synthesis is the artificial execution of useful chemical reactions to obtain one or several products. |
| Tertiary Structure | Protein tertiary structure is the three dimensional shape of a protein. |
| Sugar-Phosphate Backbone | is an important stuctural component of DNA. It consists of 5-carbon deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups |
Created by:
JohnnyMadaleno22
Popular Biology sets