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Human Genetics

TermDefinition
PCR The process which takes a small fragment of DNA and copies it millions of times through repeated heating and cooling.
Cloning The creation of an organism that is genetically identical to another.
Biotechnology the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.
Genetic Splicing A post-transcriptional modification in which a single gene can code for multiple proteins.
Pedigree A chart that shows the inheritance of a trait over several generations. It can help predict the probability that offspring will inherit a genetic disorder
Karyotype An organized visual profile of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a body cell of an organism.
Nondisjunction The failure of the chromosomes to separate, which produces daughter cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes
genetic disorder A disease caused in whole or in part by a change in the DNA sequence away from the normal sequence
Gel electrophoresis Also known as “DNA Fingerprinting.” A process which allows scientists to sort segments of DNA by length using electrical currents. Used by scientists to identify which suspect committed the crime.
Genetic engineering This process is the direction manipulation of an organism’s genome. One organism’s DNA is often inserted into the DNA of a completely different species.
Created by: mdenson10
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