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Test 1 Biology
Chapters 1 and Lab vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Structure |
| Invertebrate | No Back Bone |
| Vertebrate | Has Backbone |
| Organism | The Whole Person |
| Organism of the Body | 1- Chemical Level, 2- Organelle Level, 3- Cellular Level 4- Tissue Level, 5- Organ Level, 6- Organ Level, 7- Organism |
| Organ system | Def: Groups of organs cooperating in related functions (11-systems all together) Ex: Respirtory System: Nose, Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs |
| Organ Level | Def: Groups of tissues which form a structure with specific functions. Ex: Heart, Brain, Stomach, Liver, Urinary bladder, Skin, and Eyes |
| Tissue Level | Groups of cells which form various "building materials" of teh body Ex: Nervous Tissue, Muscle Tissue, Connective Tissue (CT), and Epithelial tissue |
| Cellular Level | The Basic Unit Of Life!!! Ex: Skin, Bones, Heart Cells, Liver Cells, (in MS cells die) |
| Organelle Level (not in the book) | The microscopic "organs" within cells Ex: Nucleus of teh cells, Mitrochondria |
| Chemical Level | Atoms bonded together into specific patterns Ex: Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, DNA, Vitiamins, Minerals |
| Hemostasis | Maintenance of a stable enviroment within the body around an ideal normal value or set points |
| Stress | A stimulus which causes a change in a varible from its set point Ex: Physical (too hot or cold) Chemical (high or low glucose levels or too much acid in the body |
| Feedback System | Def: System in which information is constantly reported to a central control center, which inittates adjustment Components: 1- Stimulus detectors (receptors) 2- Relay to central, 3- Central control center (NS or Endocrine systems), 4- Relay to effector |
| Positive-feedback System | the receonse of teh system is to make the deviation even greater, not healthy except in childbirth |
| Negative-feedback System | nagative means that any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted, the end result is teh oppsite that it started at. High b/p--Low b/p |
| Anatomical Position | Palms up hands are up |
| Frontal | Forehead |
| Cervical | Neck |
| Thoracic | upper trunk |
| Ingguinal | groin |
| otic | ear |
| buccal | cheecks |
| Mental | chin |
| Axillary | arm pits |
| Brachial | arm (elbow to shoulder) |
| Cubital | where they draw blood |
| Antebrachial | forearm |
| Manual | hands |
| Palmar | wrist |
| Patellar | knee |
| Crural | leg (knee down) |
| Pedal | feet |
| Dorsum | top of feet |
| occipital | back of the head |
| Nuchal | back neck |
| Scapular | Shoulder bladdes |
| Vertebral | spinal cord |
| Sacral | above the buttocks |
| Loin | lumbar (Lower back) |
| Gluteal | buttocks |
| Perineum | perineal (butcrack) |
| Acromion | Shoulder |
| Olecranon | elbow |
| Dorsum of teh hand | backside of the hand |
| Popliteal | behind the knee |
| calf (sural) | back of lower leg |
| Plantar | bottom of feet |
| Calcaneal | heel of foot |
| Superior (head & trunk) | up |
| Inferior (head & trunk) | down |
| Cephalic (head & trunk) | head |
| Causdal (head & trunk) | tail |
| Proximal (limbs only) | Toward the head-up |
| Distal (limbs only) | Away from head-down |
| Medial | towards the the body |
| Lateral | away from the body |
| Anterior | front side |
| Posterior | back side |
| Ventral | belly |
| Dorsal | back |
| Superficial | on the surface |
| Deep | below the surface |
| Transverse or Horizontal planes | parallel to teh floor |
| Frontal or Coronal planes | Seperate "front" from back |
| Midsagittal plane | seperates into equal left and right halves |
| Parasagittal planes | paralle to midsagittal, but halves are unequal |
| Oblique plant | slanting or sloping; neither horizontal nor perpendicular to teh ground |
| The organ system of teh body | Integumentary , Skeleton, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphtic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive |
Created by:
Tammey
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