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Biology-Ch5

Ch5-Cell Division and Growth

QuestionAnswer
Cell cycle the life cycle of a cell that is composed of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
mitosis a process of cell division that forms two new identical cells
cytokinesis the division of cytoplasm of a cell forming two cells
chromosome a structure in the nucleus that is made up of DNA and protein
i-shaped chromosome unduplicated chromosome that appears as a long string
x-shaped chromosome duplicated chromosome where the two identical copies are attached in the middle to form an x-shape
prophase the first stage of mitosis where the X shape chromosomes become visible and the nucleus breaks down
metaphase the second stage of mitosis where the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase the third stage of mitosis where the two identical sides of the X shaped chromosome are separated and move to opposite sides of the cell
telophase the last stage of mitosis when the nucleus begins to reform around the newly separated chromosomes on opposite sides of the cell
growth factor a large group of proteins that cause cell division to occur
apoptosis programmed cell death
cancer a type of disorder where cells divide uncontrolled and results in the destruction and/or invasion of surrounding healthy tissue.
asexual reproduction reproduction that does not involves only one parent cell
cell differentation the process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure or function during multicellular development
stem cell cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated
adult stem cell a cell in tissue that can turn into all types of cells in that tissue, for example, skin stem cell can turn into all the various types of skin cells
embryonic stem cell a stem cell from an embryo that has the potential to differentiate into any type of cell in the organism
Created by: lpgullett
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