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Which term describes organisms, such as plants or algae, that make their own food?
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Why can plants and algae make their own food?
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CB9F
Pearson GCSE Combined Science Biology Foundation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which term describes organisms, such as plants or algae, that make their own food? | (producers) |
| Why can plants and algae make their own food? | (cells contain chlorophyll/carry out photosynthesis) |
| Which term describes organisms that get their food by eating other organisms? | (consumers) |
| Which term describes animals that eat plants or algae? | (herbivores/primary consumers) |
| Which term describes animals that kill and eat other animals? | Which term describes animals that kill and eat other animals? (predators/carnivores/secondary consumers) |
| Name a type of diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms. | (food chain/food web) |
| Which scientific term means all the organisms and the environment they interact with? | (ecosystem) |
| Which scientific term means all individuals of the same species living in a particular area? | (population) |
| Which piece of equipment could be used to investigate the number of plants in an area? | (quadrat) |
| Fifty daisy plants have been found in a 10 m2 sample of a 100 m2 lawn. Estimate the total population of daisies in the lawn. | (50 100 / 10 = 500) |
| Which term measures the dry mass of all living tissue in an organism? | (biomass) |
| Name the source of energy that is transferred to plants. | (light/Sun) |
| Which term describes any living part of an ecosystem? | (biotic) |
| Which trophic level forms the bottom level of a pyramid of biomass? | (producers) |
| Which energy transfer is least useful for organisms? | (to environment by heating) |
| How do you calculate the efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels? | (energy transferred to biomass divided by total energy supplied to organism) |
| Name two resources that plants need from their environment. | (any two from: light,, water/rainfall, space, nutrients, warmth/temperature, carbon dioxide, oxygen/air) |
| Which term describes something that has been added to the environment, causing harm to the organisms? | (pollution/pollutant) |
| Which method can be used to study the distribution of organisms (how they are spread) in a straight line through an ecosystem? | (belt transect) |
| Give two examples of abiotic factors that affect organisms. | (any two from: light, water/rainfall, space, nutrients, warmth/temperature, carbon dioxide/oxygen concentration) |
| Which term describes the non-living factors of an environment, such as temperature, light intensity and water availability? | (abiotic factors) |
| For which process in plants is light intensity an important factor? | (photosynthesis) |
| How could a reduction in light intensity affect primary consumers in a community? | (less food/plant biomass for animals to eat) |
| Which term describes an animal that kills and eats other animals? | (predator/any consumer apart from primary) |
| Which term describes animals that are killed and eaten by other animals? | prey |
| Which term describes environmental harm caused by the build-up of substances? | (pollution) |
| Which fieldwork technique uses a quadrat to find out about the distribution of organisms across a habitat? | (belt transect) |
| During the last 10 000 years, temperatures in the Arctic have risen. Suggest how this may have caused the extinction of woolly mammoths. | (any sensible suggestion, such as: mammoths over-heated, plants on which mammoths fed became extinct) |
| Which term describes the struggle between organisms for a limited resource such as food? | (competition) |
| Which term describes living factors in a community that affect other organisms? | (biotic factors) |
| Is predation an abiotic or biotic factor in ecosystems? | (biotic) |
| Which term describes the struggle between organisms for a limited resource? | (competition) |
| Give one example of a limited resource that animals might struggle with each other for. | (any suitable example, such as: mates, nesting space, food, water) |
| Give one example of a limited resource that plants might struggle with each other for | (any suitable example, such as: light, water, nutrients) |
| Which term means the number of different species living in an area? | (biodiversity) |
| Which cycle describes the relationship in population size of a secondary consumer and the animal species that it eats? | (predator–prey cycle) |
| You might expect the number of predators to drop in an area if their preferred pre y species declines in number. Suggest why this drop may not occur. | (the predators start to eat a different prey) |
| The malaria protist causes harm when it infects a human. Which term describes t his relationship between the malaria protist and human? | (parasitism) |
| How does the malaria protist benefit from being inside a human? | (anything suitable, such as: gets nutrients, multiplies in number) |
| Which term describes a close relationship between two species that benefits both species? | (mutualism) |
| Which scientific term means a species that has been introduced to a new area? | (non-indigenous/ non-native) |
| What has been added to water that has undergone eutrophication? | (nutrients) |
| What effect does eutrophication have on plants and algae? | (increases rate of growth) |
| Eutrophication of rivers and lakes can decrease biodiversity. What does this mean? | (decrease in number of species) |
| Much of the salmon sold in supermarkets comes from fish grown in pens or pools. What is this method of production called? | (fish farming) |
| How can a species introduced to an area reduce biodiversity? | (by predation/competition) |
| How can fish farming increase the biodiversity of wild fish communities? | (reduced capture of wild fish for humans to eat) |
| Which term means protecting species or their habitat? | (conservation) |
| Which term means planting new trees in a large area where trees were cut down? | (reforestation) |
| How can planting trees increase animal biodiversity? | (provides more food/habitats) |
| Which scientific term means a species that has been introduced to a new area? | (non-indigenous/non-native) |
| What has been added to water that has undergone eutrophication? | (nutrients) |
| What effect does eutrophication have on plants and algae? | (increases rate of growth) |
| Eutrophication of rivers and lakes can decrease biodiversity. What does this mean? | (decrease in number of species) |
| Much of the salmon sold in supermarkets comes from fish grown in pens or pools. What is this method of production called? | (fish farming) |
| How can a species introduced to an area reduce biodiversity? | How can a species introduced to an area reduce biodiversity? (by predation/competition) |
| How can fish farming increase the biodiversity of wild fish communities? | (reduced capture of wild fish for humans to eat) |
| Which term means protecting species or their habitat? | Which term means protecting species or their habitat? (conservation) |
| Which term means planting new trees in a large area where trees were cut down? | reforestation) |
| How can planting trees increase animal biodiversity? | How can planting trees increase animal biodiversity? (provides more food/habitats) |
| What is food security? | What is food security? (enough food for everyone) |
| How does growing large areas of one crop risk food security? | (can all be killed by one pest/pathogen) |
| How does eating more animals for food affect food security? | (needs more land than growing food crops) |
| Give one example of human-induced environmental change. | (climate change/pollution/eutrophication) |
| Give one advantage of using more biofuels. | (e.g. to replace fossil fuels/reduce carbon emissions/reduce problems of climate change) |
| How does growing biofuel crops risk food security? | (less room for growing food crops) |
| In the water cycle, which physical process causes liquid water to change into water vapour? | (evaporation) |
| Which process in plants takes water from the soil and passes it to the air? | (transpiration) |
| In the water cycle, which process causes water droplets to form in clouds from water vapour in the air? | (condensation) |
| Give one reason why water is important to animals. | (part of blood/plasma, dissolved solutes in reactions in cytoplasm, maintaining cell/tissue shape) |
| Name one material, other than water, that cycles through ecosystems. | (any one suitable, e.g. carbon, nitrogen) |
| Which process changes water on the Earth’s surface into water vapour in the air? | (evaporation) |
| Which process describes how plants absorb water from the soil and release it into the air? | (transpiration) |
| Which process causes the formation of clouds of water droplets from water vapour in the air? | (condensation) |
| What is potable water? | (suitable for drinking) |
| Which process produces potable water from salty water? | (desalination/distillation) |
| Name one group of organisms that includes decomposers. | (any suitable, e.g. bacteria, fungi,microorganisms) |
| In what form is carbon in the atmosphere? | (carbon dioxide) |
| Name one carbon compound found in living organisms. | (any suitable carbon-containing compound, e.g. sugars, fats, proteins, DNA) |
| Which process of living organisms removes carbon from the atmosphere? | (photosynthesis) |
| Which term describes an organism that breaks down dead plants or animals? | (decomposer) |
| Which term describes the breaking down of dead plant or animal tissue? | (decay/decomposition) |
| Which process in living organisms adds carbon to the atmosphere? | (respiration) |
| Which process causes carbon to be added to the atmosphere from fossil fuels? | (combustion) |
| Which biotic process removes carbon from the atmosphere? | (photosynthesis) |
| Name two groups of organisms that carry out the biotic process that removes carbon from the atmosphere. | (any two groups that are producers, e.g. plants, algae) |
| Why do fertilisers added to fields affect plant growth? | Why do fertilisers added to fields affect plant growth? (contain nutrients) |
| Name one problem caused to the environment by spreading too much fertiliser on fields. | (any suitable, e.g. eutrophication of water, death of fish in rivers) |
| Which name is given to bacteria that convert nitrogen from the air into nitrogen compounds? | (nitrogen-fixing bacteria) |
| Name one alternative to using powdered fertiliser that a farmer could use to improve crop growth. | (any suitable, e.g. spread manure/animal waste, crop rotation) |
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Davenant Foundation School
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