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Weather/Climate
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mass | the amount of matter (atoms) in an object |
| Volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| Matter | something that has both mass and volume |
| Density | the amount of something in a particular space, how close together the atoms are in something (density = mass/volume, units are g/cm^3 or g/mL) |
| Radiation | thermal energy that is transferred in waves or rays (example: sunlight) |
| Conduction | heat transferred through the collisions of particles (touching, example: burning your hand on a hot pan) |
| Convection | movement in a gas or liquid in which the warmer parts move up and the cooler parts move down creating a circular current (example: lava lamp or a fireplace heating a room) |
| Rotation | the action of rotating around an axis or center |
| Coriolis Effect | Winds (and things in the air like birds and planes) and ocean currents get deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and get deflected left in the Southern hemisphere due to the rotation of the Earth |
| Hemisphere | Half of a sphere (the US is in the Northern hemisphere, the equator splits the northern and southern hemispheres) |
| Albedo Effect | Light surfaces reflect more heat than dark surfaces |
| Absorption | Taking up or taking something in (like radiation/thermal energy) |
| Reflection | The throwing back of light, heat, or sound without absorbing it |
| Wind | The movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. |
| Pressure | the weight or force that is produced when something presses or pushes against something else |
| Local winds | Winds that blow over a small area |
| Sea breeze | a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea, especially during the day due to the land being warmer than the water (sea/ocean) |
| Land breeze | a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night, due to the ocean being warmer than the land. |
| Global winds | Winds that blow over large parts of the Earth |
| Atmoshpere | the layer of gases that surround Earth, held down by gravity |
| Troposphere | the densest and bottom most layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather occurs, planes fly, life exists on Earth, and 75% of the atmosphere's mass is |
| Stratosphere | the second layer of Earth's atmosphere where the ozone layer is |
| Ozone layer | a concentrated area of a gas called ozone (O3), located in the stratosphere, that protects us from most of the sun's harmful radiation (UV rays) |
| Weather | what the atmosphere is doing at a specific place and time (temperature, humidity, windy, precipitation) (ex: Denver is 38F right now with sunny skies and wind) |
| Climate | the weather conditions that are typical for an area over a long period of time (ex: Summer in Denver is usually dry and warm/hot) |
| Air Mass | A large body of air that has the same temperature and moisture levels throughout |
Created by:
mparr01
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