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vocabulary Un 2,3,4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weathering is | the breaking of rock |
| Erosion is | the movement of rock |
| Deposition is | the dropping of rock in a new place |
| series circuit | only has one way for the electricity to flow; one pathway |
| parallel circuit | has 2 or more ways for electricity to flow |
| circuit | a path that electricity travels through |
| open circuit | a break in the circuit; electricity CAN NOT flow |
| closed circuit | No breaks in the circuit; electricity is able to flow |
| MELTS | mechanical, electrical, light, thermal, sound |
| Mechanical energy | energy of motion |
| Sound energy | energy of vibration (a fast back and forth movement) |
| Electrical energy | movement of negative particle (electrons) |
| Thermal energy | heat energy; the faster particles move, the hotter it is |
| reflection | the bouncing of light |
| refraction | the bending of light |
| magnifying glass, glasses, microscopes, binoculars, water | refraction |
| mirror, still (calm) water, shiny surfaces | reflection |
| sediment | small pieces of rock |
| sedimentary rock | rock formed by sediment; formed in water |
| compaction | pressure |
| cementation | pieces of sediment stick together by minerals in the water |
| steps of making sedimentary rock | deposited, compacted, cemented and time |
| Fossils fuels | an energy source formed by once living organisms |
| coal | formed in swamps by ferns |
| oil and natural gas | formed in oceans by tiny microscopic sea organisms |
| steps of fossil fuel formation | time, heat and pressure (compaction) |
| fossil | evidence of past organisms that lived a long time ago |
| What can fossils tell us? | they can tell us about past environments and past organisms |
| What are the steps for an organism to become a fossil? | an organism dies; gets buried quickly in sediment, the bones are replaced by minerals seeping into the bones, encased inside of sedimentary rock |
| landforms | the form of the land |
| canyons | formed by a river by rock being weathered and eroded |
| delta | formed by a river when sediment is eroded and deposited at the mouth of a river |
| U-shaped valley | formed by a glacier (ice) when ice weather and erodes the ground |
| sand dune | formed by wind when sand is eroded and deposited by wind created mountains of sand |
| renewable resources | resources that can come back in a short period of time |
| nonrenewable resources | resource that can not come back in s short period of time; they take millions of years to make ex. fossil fuels |
| mining | when coal is dug out of the ground |
| drilling | how oil and natural gas are taken from the ground |
| organism | a living thing |
| boiling point of water | 100 degrees celcius |
| freezing point of water | 0 degrees celcius |
| melting point of water | 0 degrees celcius |
| freezing | when water changes from the liquid state to the solid state at 0 degrees celcius |
| melting | when water changes from the solid state to the liquid state at 0 degrees celcius |
| evaporation | when water changes from the liquid state to the gas state |
| condensation | when water changes from the gas state to the liquid state |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| relative density | When matter sinks or floats in water |
| conductor | when electricity or heat is allowed to flow through it ex. all metals |
| insulator | when electricity or heat is NOT allowed to flow through it ex. rubber, wood, plastic |
| solubility | the ability of a substance to dissolve evenly into another substance |
| soluble | when a substance can evenly spread out into another substance ex. salt and water |
| insoluble | when a substance can NOT dissolve into another substance ex) oil and water |
| volume | the amount of space matter takes up |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| classifying | putting into groups by their characteristics |