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Enzymes1

Enzyme Review

QuestionAnswer
What is an enzyme? An enzyme is a protein. It is also a biological catalyst that lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to take place.
What is a substrate? A substrate is a substance that is acted upon by an enzyme. It may also be called a reactant.
What is the active site? The active site is the place on an enzyme where a substrate attaches.
Can enzymes act on more than one kind of substrate? No, enzymes are specific. They can only act on ONE kind substrate.
What is an induced fit? Enzymes are flexible structures, so the active site is continually reshaped to 'fit' around the substrate.
What is the enzyme-substrate complex? The enzyme-substrate complex is when a substrate is in the active site of the enzyme and the enzyme has curled around it.
What is an exergonic reaction? It is a reaction in which energy is released.
What is an endergonic reaction? It is a reaction in which energy is absorbed.
What is catabolism? Catabolism is the process that breaks large molecules down into smaller molecules.
What is anabolism? Anabolism is the process that builds larger molecules from smaller ones.
What is activation energy? Activation energy is the amount of energy needed to start a reaction.
What is a co-enzyme, and what does it do? A co-enzyme is a nonprotein molecule that helps enzymes do their job.
What is a noncompetitive inhibitor? A noncompetitive inhibitor binds to another site on an enzyme and changes the active site so that the substrate no longer fits.
What is a competitive inhibitor? A competitive inhibitor blocks the active site on an enzyme so that the substrate cannot reach it.
What is denaturation? Denaturation is when a protein, such as an enzyme, is deformed out of shape by extreme temperature, pH, or ion concentrations.
What is ATP? ADP? AMP? Adenosine triphosphate, diphosphate, monophosphate.
What is substrate-level phosphorylation? Substrate-level phosphorylation is when the enzyme ATPase breaks ATP into ADP + P. The phosphate group is attached to another molecule to give it energy.
Created by: jdesrochers
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