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Science Unit 2+3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| el nino | when the trade winds become weaker. South American west coast water to become warmer + increase the surface pressure in Southeast Asia and decrease the surface pressure in Southwest South America. |
| el nino 2 | the air in South America in which this takes place turns into lower pressure, so there is more precipitation. |
| biome | A major community or space characterized by dominant forms of plant and animal life and the prevailing climate. |
| desert | Koppen-Bwh Hot and dry, characterized by less than 10 inches precipitation annually, not many plants (short plants), grass, moss. Animals burrow. |
| steppe | Koppen-Bs Hot summers, cold winters (semi-arid), deserts/tall praries. Plants have deep roots (to collect water), and the animals can burrow. They are on the leeward side of a mountain. |
| savanna | Koppen-Aw 2 seasons, wet and dry. Grass, scattered trees (which need too much water so they only grow in wet season). Elephants, mostly grazers and their predators, many are hooved to run and have long legs and wings. |
| rainforest | Koppen-Af Yearround warmth, between 68-93 degrees F, sometimes over 100 inches of rain. 70% of plants are trees, have smooth, thin bark. Animals are mainly 4 legged mammals (e.g. monkeys, sloths) adapted to live in trees. Very well-watered. |
| alpine | Koppen-H Cold, snowy, windy. Summers are 10-15 degrees C and winters below freezing. Plants grow in stocks, die over winter but regrow from their seeds. The animals are warm-blooded, have long fur and travel in herds. On a mountain, sandy/rocky soil. |
| tundra | Koppen-E Cold, dry in winter, short, cold, wet ground. In addition to moss, there are low/short plants and hairy for insulation (to keep warm). The animals have fur (e.g. foxes) and blubber. It is a wetland because the soil isn't absorbable. |
| taiga | Dominated by cold, arctic air, rainy, hot and short summer, temperatures in winter are -65-30 degrees F and 30-70 degrees F in summer. Only evergreens grow here. All predators also live here.subarctic forest, lots of snow, largest biome in the world. |
| grasslands | Temperatures range, at 55 degrees N and 35 degrees S. Has clovers, plants have deep roots (to resist wind). The animals can burrow (e.g. dung beetle and burrowing owl). It is flat with no nearby mountains, constant winds and has very deep, dry soil. |
| deciduous | Koppen-Cf Mild summers, 70 degrees F, below freezing winters, 4 seasons, near ocean, and 32 inches precipitation annually. The plants lose all of their leaves (American Beech). It's main animal is the American Bald Eagle. |
| chaparral | Hot and dry in summer, winter mild and moist (not rainy). 30-100 degrees F. It has trees and bushes with large roots, and fires start quickly because of the dry climate and foliage. A typical animal is the aardwolf |