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Biology - Viruses

QuestionAnswer
What are Retroviruses? They have a single-stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis.
Describe the lysogenic cycle of lambda (λ) phage The phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome where it is passed on to daughter cells through binary fission.
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.
Describe vaccines and how they help prevent viral infection Vaccines are inactive versions of a virus that stimulate an immune reaction in a person.
What human diseases is caused by a virus that requires reverse transcriptase to transcribe its genome inside the host cell? AIDS
What characteristics are typical in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage? The host membrane ruptures, releasing many phages
What process can viruses carry out? They can use the host cell machinery to make copies of viral genomes and viral proteins.
Describe a strategy that bacteria have evolved to defend against infection by phage. The CRISPR-Cas system allows bacteria to recognize phage strains that have previously infected that bacterial lineage and targets the phage DNA for destruction.
Identify a main structural difference between viruses with envelopes and viruses without envelopes. Only viruses with envelopes have their contents enclosed by a layer containing lipids
Explain the effect that treating a viral infection with antibiotics has on the course of the infection. The infection's length will remain the same because antibiotics have no effect on eukaryotic or virally encoded enzymes.
Created by: 3403468679751177
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