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Microbiology Drugs
Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mode of action for Penicillin? Result? | block transpeptidase activity. NO peptide cross linked bridges. Result: cell lysis/weak cell wall. |
| Cephalosporins | block transpeptidase activity. NO peptide cross linked bridges. Result: cell lysis/weak cell wall. |
| Vancomycin | blocks attachment of 4 amino acid (tetrapeptide) side chain to NAM Result: weak cell/lysis |
| Bacitracin | interferes with transport of peptidoglycan across inner plasma membrane. Result: cell wall without peptidoglycan/lysis |
| Isoniazid | blocks synthesis of mycolic acid Result: cell wall without peptidoglycan/lysis |
| aminoglycosides | bind to 30 s ribosomal subunit, changes shape, impairs proofreading ability so codon/anticodon mismatches occur Result: wrong tRNA used and leads to missense or nonsense mutations |
| Tetracyclines | binds to 30 s blocks and BLOCKS tRNAs entering and binding within A-SITE of ribosome Result: tRNA cannot enter and bind within A site of ribosome (translation of protein stops/ cannot undergo elongation) |
| Chloramphenicol | binds to 50 s ribosomal subunit preventing peptide bond formation between amino acids associated with tRNAS in A and P sites or ribosome REsult: inability to form peptide bonds between amino acids associated with tRNAs in A and P site |
| Macrolides | binds to 50 s ribosomal subunit preventing translocation of tRNAs between P and A and E sites Result: inability to undergo translocation |
| Oxazolidinones | binds to 50 s subunit, prevent ribosomal subunits from joining result: no joining of ribosomal subunits, no functional ribosome produces |
| Fluoroquinolones | inhibits DNA gyrase so bacterial chromosome remains supercould preventing DNA replication Results: NO dna replication, no bacterial growth |
| Polymyxins | disrupts phospholipid bilayer results: damage to plasma membrane |
| Sulfonamides | competitive inhibition occurs, outcompete the active site Results: blocks active site, mutes enzyme |
| Trimethoprim | competitive inhibition Results: no reaction sire, blocks active site |
| Amphotericin B | binds to ergosterol in cell membrane & creates pores so cell contents leak out Results: death of fungus |
| Imidazole | inhibits metabolic pathway so correct form of ergosterol not synthesized Results: membrane stress and death of fungus |
| Echinocandins | Interferes with enzyme that attaches B-glucans to the cell wall Result: susceptible to cell lysis |
| Chloroquine | prevents conversion of toxic heme to nontoxic heme Result: kills cell |
Created by:
cindysaldivar
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