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Mrs. Bean Hon Bio
Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alveoli | air sacs in a lung |
| ammonia | toxic nitrogen compound excreted by some aquatic organisms |
| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) | a hormone released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary; enhances conservation of water by kidneys |
| concentration gradient | difference in the concentration of a substance over a distance |
| endocytosis | cellular uptake of materials in which the plasma membrane surrounds and engulfs extracellular materials |
| diffusion | movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a more concentrated area to a less concentrated area |
| facilitated diffusion | spontaneous passage of molecules and ions, bound to specific carrier proteins, across a biological membrane down their concentration gradient |
| feedback regulation | regulation of the activity of an enzyme by one of its products |
| glomerular capsule | cup of a nephron, which filters blood. Aka Bowman's capsule |
| Glomerulus | ball of capillaries surrounded by a glomerular capsule in the nephron; site of filtration in the kidneys |
| glycolipid | lipid covalently linked to a sugar or polysccharide, an important part of animal cell mebranes |
| homeostasis | tendency for an organism to maintain a relativerly stable internal environment by regulating its matabolism and adjusting to its environment |
| kidney | organ that regulates water and salt levels, filters water and wastes from the blood, and excretes the end products |
| nephron | functional unit of a kidney consisting of a glomerulus, its associated capsule, and tubule, surrounded by capillaries. |
| osmosis | movement of water (or another solvent) through a selectively permeable membrane from a solution with a lower concentration of solutes top one with a higher concentration of solutes |
| passive transport | diffusion of a substance through a biological membrane (no energy needed) |
| selectively permeable | of membranes; allowing some substances to cross and preventing others from crossing |
| stomate | opening between two guard cells in the epidermis of a plant leaf through which gases are exchanged with the air |
| transpiration | loss of water to the atmosphere by a plant through the stomates in its leaves |
| transport protein | protein that plays a role in the active or passive movement of specific substances through cell membranes |
| turgor | cells swelling against its cell wall caused by the pressure of the cells contents |
| ureter | muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder |
| urethra | tube through which urine travels from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| urinary bladder | organ that stores urine before it is discharged from the body though the urethra |
| erinary system | vertebrate organ system that regulates levels of water and dissolved substances in the body, excreting wastes as urine |
| urine | solution of wastses excreted from the kidney |
| cytoslasm | interior of cell |
| glycoprotein | protein linked to a sugar or polysaccharide; component of receptor molecules on the outer surface of cells |
Created by:
Volychamp1
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