Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 6 for exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are fibroblast, epithelial, erythrocytes, leukoytes, and chondroytes | other human cell types |
| nucleus | directs cell activites |
| cell memberane | controls movement in and out of the cell |
| cell theory | cells or products of cells are the units of strusture and function in organismsall cells come from preexisting cells |
| discovery of the structure of celll dependecd on what? | the technology of improved microscopes better techniques to prepare cells studies of cell function |
| electron microscope | reveals tiny cell parts and molecules to 0.5 nm(1 meter=10^9nm) |
| draw backs to the electron microscope | preparation kills cellspreparation may present artifacts |
| why are scanning microscopes better than electron microscopes? | treatment of cells not as harsh |
| why are scanning microscopes worst than electron microscopes? | only show the surface area |
| average cells range from what to what? | 10um to 20 um |
| um is the symbol for what? | micrometer sometimes called a micron |
| 1 micrometer is | 10^-6 meters long |
| bacteria | may be 1um long |
| who developed the single len microscope? | anton von Leeuwenhoek |
| when was the and who developed the compound microscope? | the Dutch around 1600 |
| who named cells "cells"? | Robert Hooke |
| what were cells named after? | the cells where monks live |
| what did Mathew Schleiden do? | He stated that all plants were made of cells |
| what did Theodor Shwann do? | in 1839 stated that animals were made of cells |
| who is Rudolf Virchow? | stated that all cells come from other cells |
| what are prokarotes? | they are uniquitous, almost always unicellular, no nucleus |
| prokartoes are long | 0.3 to 0.5 um across |
| what are eukayotes? | they have many parts with specific functions including a nucleus, can be single cells or multi cellular |
| Eukaryotes are long | 10-50 um |
| what are the two types of cells? | Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes |
| what parts are in both prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells? | cell membrane, cytoplasm,ribosomes, and chromosomes |
| what is the most obvious difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells? | eukaryotic cells have a nucleus |
| almost all prokaryotes have a cell wall that is made up from ?, ?, and ? | lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, |
| what doesnt make up the cell wall? | Cellulose |
| prokaryotes have____chromosome(s) made of DNA | one |
| chromosome(s) are attached to the plama membrane in an area called ______ ______ or ______ | nuclear region, nucleoid |
| circular DNA molecules | plasmids |
| prokayotic cells are one of three shapes:________,______,______ | Rod, Sphere, Corkscrew |
| example of a rod shape | bacillus |
| example of corkscrew | spirilla |
| example of sphere | coccus |
| long whip like structures that help prokayotic cells moved | flagella |
| prokayotic cells are diverse in___________ | metabolism |
| prokayotic cells metabolic proccesses are ______ to those of eukaryotes | similar |
| some prokayotic cells have unique proccesses such as ___________________________ | fixing of nitrogen in the nodules of legumes |
| prokaryotesare ______ to other members of ecosystems | essential |
| what do prokayotic cells do for the envirment? | they help recycle nutrients in wastesand dead oragnisms |
| bacteria play an important role in _______ __________ | genetic engineering |
| many prokayotic cells are _________ | autotrophs |
| prokayotic cells are important primary produces where? | lakes and deep oceans |
| bacteria are also useful in making__________ and other compoundsthat are difficult to make artiicially | antibiotics |
| most bacteria are_______ | beneficial |
| bacteria helpj________ food and provide you with cetain vitamins such as ______ _ | vitamin K |
| euraryotic cells are divided into _______ | organelles |
| organized structure within a cell with a specific function | oranelee |
| ______ surround organelles allowing seprate reactions to take place | membranes |
| __________ __________ protects the DNA from chemicals in cell that would damage it. | nuclear membrane |
| eukayotic cells are more efficient because of __________________________________________________________________________ | compartmentation seprates specific processes and enables a division of labor within the cell |
| encloses both prokayotic cells and eukayotic cells | plasma membrane |
| surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells | cell wall |
| cell wall is made of stiff fibers of | cellulose and other complex carbohydrates |
| animal cell _____ cell walls | lack |
| the membrane enclosed organelle that houses chromosoems- the control center | nucleus |
| a structure in the nucleus that synthesizes ribosomal RNA | nucleolus |
| a double layer of membranes that surround the chromosomes | nuclear envolope |
| the gelatin like portion of the cytoplasm that bathes the organelles of the cell | cytosol |
| the entire contents of the cell except the nucleus, bound by the plasma membrane | cytoplasm |
| a network of micro tubules, microfilaments , and intermediate filaments that run through the cytoplasm of eukayotic cells and serve a varity of mechanical and transport functions | cytoskeleton |
| an organelle consisting of two subunits and functioning as the site of protein synthesis | ribosomes |
| an extersive membranous network in eukaryotic cells: composed of ribosome studded (rough) and ribosome-free (smooth) regions | endoplasmic reticulum |
| an organelle in eukaryotic cells concisting of staked membranes that modify and package materials in vescles for export from the cell | golgi apparatus |
| a small intracellular membrane enclosed sac that stores or transprots substances | vesicles |
| a cell vecile that contains digestive enzymes, sometimes called the death organelle | lysosme |
| an enzyme found in lysosomes of tear duct cells that protects eyes from bacteria infection by breaking down bacterial walls | lysozyme |
| a membrane enclosed structure in the cytoplasm of a cell-plant cells can be made up of 90% of this-animals tend to be small | vacuoles |
| an organelle found in plants and the site of photosythesis | chloroplasts |
| the organelles in eukayotic cells that carries out respiration, the site of ATP synthesis and of the Krebs | mitochondira |
| structure in animal cells and some fungi and algae composed of cylinders of nine triplet microtubules ina a ring, helps to organize microtubule assembly during cell division | centrioles |
| short, hairlike cell appendages specialized for locomotion and formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules, breathing passages, jinner ear, and fallopian tubes, smoke kills them | cilia |
| eukayotic cells have _________________________________________________________________________ | membrane enclosed organelles, including nuclues, multiple linear chromosomes, often in pairs, streaming in the cyoplasm, division by mitosis, complex flagella, large ribosomes, cytoskeleton, cellulose in cell walls and DNA wrapped around protiens |
| eukayotic cells also dont have ________ ______ | cell walls |
| prokayotic cell features | no membrane enclosed organellessingle circular chromosomestreaming in the cytoplasmdivision without mitosissimple flagellasmall ribosomes |
| no known cytoskeleton | no cellulose in cell wallsprotiens bound to DNA |
| a distinct group of microorganisms growing together | colonies |
| colonies that may contain several unrelated types of bacteria that require a similar enviroments | bioflim |
| cells have become specialized: | gland cells make chemicals, nerve cells conduct electric signals, muscle cells are involved in movement. |
| the basic living unit | cell |
| a group of cells with a common function and structure | tissue |
| an organized group of tissue that carries on a specialized function in a multicellular organism | organ |
| a group of a group of organs working together to perform a function | organ system |
| an individual | organism |
| systems are necessary for three reasons | a division of labor occurs amoung cellsmany individual cells cannot mork together without regulation and coordinationmost cells are not in direct contact with the outside environment |
Created by:
emill
Popular Biology sets