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T1-Living Things L3
T1-Lesson 3 Viruses, Bacteria, Protists & Fungi 7th grade
| Question | Answer | |
|---|---|---|
| I. Microorganisms | A. Protists B. Archaea and Bacteria | |
| A. Microorganisms- PROTISTS | 1. Eukarya Domain. 2. Simpler than plants, animal, fungi | |
| B. Microorganisms- Archaea and Bacteria | 1. Less complex than protists 2 . Unicellular; no nucleus 3. Archaea live in extreme conditions such as hot springs, salty water, deep underground. | 4. Some bacteria are autotrophs; some are heterotrophs; some are decomposers. 5. Bacteria found everywhere |
| II. VIRUSES | 1. Not in any domain because they are not considered living. 2. Tiny, nonliving particle that enters a cell and reproduces | 3. Lack most characteristics of life (cannot reproduce on its own, do not use food for energy or to grow, do not respond to surroundings) |
| II. Viruses- SHAPES and NAMES | 1. Round, thread, brick, bullet, robot like. 2. Measures in units called nanometers (1 billionth of a meter). 3. Named after a disease they cause or where they were discovered. | |
| II. Viruses- REPRODUCTION | 1. Contain genetic material with a protein coating 2. Attaches itself to a host cell (an organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for a virus to live) 3. Enters or injects genetic material into host cell | 4. Genetic material takes over host cells and makes copies of itself. 5. Host cell bursts open, releasing many new viruses, which repeat the process. |
| II. Viruses- DISEASE | 1. Many copies attacking may cause disease. 2. Mild (cold) to sever (HIV) 3. Vaccines are weakened or killed viruses that are introduced to the body, to produce chemicals that will destroy that pathogen. | |
| III. BACTERIA | 1. Make up the majority or organisms on earth. 2. Very small. 3. Three shapes- ball, rod, spiral | |
| III. Bacteria- INFECTIOUS BACTERIA | 1. E.coli, Sterptococcus, Staphylococcus 2. Release toxins that damage surrounding cells. 3. Rare - <1% of bacteria. | |
| III. Bacteria- CELL STRUCTURE | 1. Unicellular, Prokaryote- lack a nucleus. 2. Cell Wall- prevents it from dying out. Cell Membrane- controls what enters and its the cell. 4. Flagella- like a "whip" to propel the bacteria to move around. | |
| III. Bacteria- OBTAINING FOOD | 1. Make food from sunlight 2. Make food from chemicals 3. Absorb foo through cell walls (milk, sugar, meat, dead cells) 4. Use energy from food to make toxins. | |
| III. Bacteria- SURVIVAL | 1. Cannot survive harsh conditions 2. Some may grow a thick shell called an endospore which can grow back into a cell when conditions improve. | |
| III. Bacteria- BACTERIAL REPRODUCTION | 1. Reproduce asexually by binary fission. 2. Rapid reproduction 3. Conjugation- pass genetic information to a neighboring cell; can create resistance (antibiotic resistance). | |
| IV. PROTISTS | 1. Eukaryotic- not plants, animals, or fungi 2. Moist environments; around humans 3. Most harmless 4. Some harmful parasites (Giardia; Plasmodium) | |
| V. FUNGI | 1. Eukaryotic cells with cell walls 2. Largest living thing on Earth- honey fungus colony 3. Heterothrophs that feed by absorbing food through cell wall. | 4. Hyphae- threadlike tubes that allow fungi to spread; food source; release chemicals. 5. Some are decomposers, some are parasites. |
| V. Fungi- FUNGAL REPRODUCTION | 1. Fruiting Bodies- like the mushrooms we eat; release spores that are carried to new location and grow into new fungal colonies. 2. Sexually through hyphae | |
| V. Fugi- ROLE OF FUNGI | 1. Some benefits- nutritious foods, medicines, dyes perfumes, bake bread/beverages. 2. Some harmful- rashes, disease, infectious. |
Created by:
pinedaK
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