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Unit 3 PS,CR & Enz
Unit 3 Learning Statements for Enzymes,Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | convert light energy into the chemical energy of glucose |
| Cellular Respiration | breakdown of glucose into ATP or adenosine triphosphate |
| Chloroplast | organelle which is the site of photosynthesis; contains small disc shaped thylakoids |
| Mitochondria | organelle which is the site of cellular respiration; contains a long, squiggly membrane with folds for metabolic activity |
| Thylakoid | one disc shaped structure in a chloroplast which absorbs light energy |
| Stroma | fluid inside the chloroplast which contains metabolic enzymes |
| Grana or Granum | stacks of thylakoids inside a chloroplast |
| Reactants of Photosynthesis | water and carbon dioxide |
| Products of Photosynthesis | glucose and oxygen |
| Reactants of Cellular Respiration | glucose and oxygen |
| Products of Cellular Respiration | water and carbon dioxide |
| Cristae | folds inside a mitochondria to increase surface area for chemical reactions |
| Matrix | fluid inside a mitochondria which contains metabolic enzymes |
| Reactants of Photosynthesis | are the products for cellular respiration |
| Products of Photosynthesis | are the reactants for cellular respiration |
| Reactants of Cellular Respiration | are the products for photosynthesis |
| Products of Cellular Respiration | are the reactants for photosynthesis |
| Reactants | located on the left side of an equation; what goes into a reaction |
| Products | located on the right side of an equation; what comes out of a reaction |
| Plants, Algae, Plankton, some Protists | undergo photosynthesis and cellular respiration; autotrophs give off more oxygen from photosynthesis than used for cellular respiration |
| Chloroplast | organelles that converts light energy into the chemical energy of glucose |
| Mitochondria | organelle that breaks down glucose into the usable energy of ATP |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate; nucleic acid which is a small, usable form of energy for cells |
| Glucose | small, simple carbohydrate used for quick energy |
| Starch | large, complex carbohydrate used for quick energy |
| -ase | suffix which indicates an enzyme ex: lactase, protease *some enzymes do not end with the suffix ex: pepsin |
| enzyme | protein which speeds up the rate of chemical reaction |
| enzyme | work under ideal temperature and pH values |
| enzyme | have individual shapes with active sites for each specific substrate |
| substrate | molecule which fits into an enzyme's active site that needs to be broken down or combines |
| Enzyme Inhibitor | changes the shape of an active site to prevent a reaction |
| Enzymes | decrease the amount of energy required for reaction to start |
| Denatured Enzymes | changed shape due to pH, temperature, or salt differences and can no longer function; active site can no longer fit the substrate |
| Nucleic Acids | contain the instructions or "code" to build all biomolecules |
| Carbohydrates | glucose - monosaccharide or simple sugar ; starch and glycogen - polysaccharide or larger sugar ; used for short term energy |
| Lipids | fats and oils ; long-term energy storage |
| Proteins | Used for structural, transport, and metabolic needs of a cell, EX: enzymes |
| Nucleic Acids | made up of nucleotides; contains the code to make all other biomolecules |
Created by:
YoungbloodScience
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