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Unit 3 PS,CR & Enz
Unit 3 Learning Statements for Enzymes,Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Photosynthesis | convert light energy into the chemical energy of glucose |
Cellular Respiration | breakdown of glucose into ATP or adenosine triphosphate |
Chloroplast | organelle which is the site of photosynthesis; contains small disc shaped thylakoids |
Mitochondria | organelle which is the site of cellular respiration; contains a long, squiggly membrane with folds for metabolic activity |
Thylakoid | one disc shaped structure in a chloroplast which absorbs light energy |
Stroma | fluid inside the chloroplast which contains metabolic enzymes |
Grana or Granum | stacks of thylakoids inside a chloroplast |
Reactants of Photosynthesis | water and carbon dioxide |
Products of Photosynthesis | glucose and oxygen |
Reactants of Cellular Respiration | glucose and oxygen |
Products of Cellular Respiration | water and carbon dioxide |
Cristae | folds inside a mitochondria to increase surface area for chemical reactions |
Matrix | fluid inside a mitochondria which contains metabolic enzymes |
Reactants of Photosynthesis | are the products for cellular respiration |
Products of Photosynthesis | are the reactants for cellular respiration |
Reactants of Cellular Respiration | are the products for photosynthesis |
Products of Cellular Respiration | are the reactants for photosynthesis |
Reactants | located on the left side of an equation; what goes into a reaction |
Products | located on the right side of an equation; what comes out of a reaction |
Plants, Algae, Plankton, some Protists | undergo photosynthesis and cellular respiration; autotrophs give off more oxygen from photosynthesis than used for cellular respiration |
Chloroplast | organelles that converts light energy into the chemical energy of glucose |
Mitochondria | organelle that breaks down glucose into the usable energy of ATP |
ATP | adenosine triphosphate; nucleic acid which is a small, usable form of energy for cells |
Glucose | small, simple carbohydrate used for quick energy |
Starch | large, complex carbohydrate used for quick energy |
-ase | suffix which indicates an enzyme ex: lactase, protease *some enzymes do not end with the suffix ex: pepsin |
enzyme | protein which speeds up the rate of chemical reaction |
enzyme | work under ideal temperature and pH values |
enzyme | have individual shapes with active sites for each specific substrate |
substrate | molecule which fits into an enzyme's active site that needs to be broken down or combines |
Enzyme Inhibitor | changes the shape of an active site to prevent a reaction |
Enzymes | decrease the amount of energy required for reaction to start |
Denatured Enzymes | changed shape due to pH, temperature, or salt differences and can no longer function; active site can no longer fit the substrate |
Nucleic Acids | contain the instructions or "code" to build all biomolecules |
Carbohydrates | glucose - monosaccharide or simple sugar ; starch and glycogen - polysaccharide or larger sugar ; used for short term energy |
Lipids | fats and oils ; long-term energy storage |
Proteins | Used for structural, transport, and metabolic needs of a cell, EX: enzymes |
Nucleic Acids | made up of nucleotides; contains the code to make all other biomolecules |