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Ch. 7 Study Guide
Life Science 7H Study Guide: DNA (dedicated to Katie Shutler)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Within the nucleus, the DNA and the proteins it winds around is called a | chromosome |
| DNA is made up of a subunit called? | nucleotides |
| The nucleotides that DNA is made of is made of 3 things? | sugar, phosphate, and a base |
| Watson and Crick built a DNA model that looks like what? | a twisted ladder |
| The sides of the ladder are made of 2 things? | sugar and phosphate |
| The rungs of the ladder are made of a pair of | bases |
| What letters represent the 4 bases? | A, C, T, and G |
| In DNA, The base Thymine (T) always pairs with? | Adenine (A) |
| In DNA, the base Cytosine (C) always pairs with? | Guanine (C) |
| When DNA is copied, the DNA molecule splits how? | down the middle |
| What is a mutation? | a change in the nucleotide-base sequence |
| What is RNA? | plays a role in protein production |
| What base is found in RNA but not DNA? | Uracil (U) |
| What is a ribosome? | organelle composed of RNA and protein |
| How many bases form an amino acid? | 3 |
| How much DNA is in each one of your cells? | 2 m |
| What organelle reads the code from mRNA to make protein? | ribosomes |
| What is DNA? | molecule that contains infor that determines the traits that a living thing inherits |
| What is a nucleotide? | subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base in a nucleic-acid chain |
| What are chromosomes made out of? | DNA and proteins |
| Inherited characteristics are determined by? | genes |
| structures made of protein and DNA and found in the nucleus of cells are? | chromosomes |
| What two things must the material tha makes up genes be able to do? | give instuctions for building and maintaining cells and be able to be copied. |
| Why must genes be copied each time a cell divides? | each cell contains identical genes |
| What allows the genetic material for genes to give instructions and be copied before a cell divides? | the structure of DNA |
| What does a nucleotide in a nucleic acid charin consist of? | sugar, phosphate, and base |
| Rosalind Franklin | used X rays to make images of the DNA molecule, suggesting that DNA has a spiral shape |
| Watson and Crick | built a model of DNA that helped explain how DNA is copied and functions |
| Erwin Chargaff | found that A is always = to T and G is always = to C in DNA |
| The twisted shape of DNA is called a? | double helix |
| The two sides of the double helix DNA ladder are made of alternating sugar and ___ parts. | phosphate |
| The rungs of the double helix ladder are made of a pair of | bases |
| The pairing of bases allows the cell to __, or make copies of DNA | replicate |
| In a DNA molecule, pairs of bases are__ to each other | complementary |
| As a DNA molecule splits, what is added to the exposed bases on the original molecule? | complementary nucleotides |
| What does the job of unwinding, copying, and rewinding the DNA? | proteins |
| What is chromatin? | long strands of DNA and proteins |
| What forms the code that carries the info for DNA? | the order of bases on one side of DNA |
| The chemical triggers and messangers within the cell are | proteins |
| mRNA | mirrorlike copy of one side of the segment of DNA containing a gene |
| tRNA | molecules that picke up specific amino acids from the cytoplasm, whose bases match up with bases on mRNA |
Created by:
softballallstar14
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